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Stack #192098
Stack #192098 Pharmacologic Principles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| first pass effect | Initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from the GI tract. |
| onset of action | The time required for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response after dosing. |
| pharmacotherapeutics | The treatment of pathologic conditions through the use of drugs. |
| What is steady state? | The amount of drug removed by elimination is equal to the amount of drug absorbed with each dose. |
| peak level | The maximum concentration of a drug in the body after administration. |
| half-life | Time required for half of a drug dose to be eliminated from the body. |
| drug-induced teratrogenesis | toxic effect of drugs cause congenital abnormalities in developing fetus |
| generic name | non-proprietary name |
| incompatability | chemical deterioration of when two drugs are mixed |
| agonist | binds to and stimulates acivity of a receptor |
| antagonist | drug that binds to and inhibits activity of a receptor |
| idiosyncratic reaction | abnormal and unexpected response to a drug |
| pharmacogenetics | study of genetic factors on drug response |
| pharmacognosy | study of drugs obtained from natural animal and plant sources |
| synergistic effect | effects of combining of 2 or more drugs is greater than the sum of each individual drug effect |
| therapeutic index | ratio between toxic and therapeutic concertraations of a drug |
| peak effect | time required for a drug to reach maximum therapeutic response in the body |
| contraindication | any condition that renders a form of treatment improper or undesirable |
| allergic reation | immunologic hypersensitivity reaction |
| bioavailabilty | measure of extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route |
| adverse drug event | undesirable occurance related to adminstering or failing to administer a prescribed drug |
| pharmacokinetics | rate of drug distribution among various body compartments after a drug has entered the body |
| prodrug | inactive drug dosage form that is converted to |
| pharmacodynamics | biochemical and physiologic interaactions of drugs at their sites of activity |
| drug effects | physiologic reactions of the body to a drug |
| biotransformation | metabolism |
| cytochrome P-450 | group of enzymes that play a significant role in drug metabolism |
| routes of administration | IV, IM, intradermal, PO, Sub Q, sublingual, inhalation, topical, |
| primary organ of drug excretion | kidney |
| prophylactic therapy | drug therapy to prevent illness |
| empiric therapy | drug administration based on patient symptoms when a pathologic process is suspected |
| mutagens | drugs capable of inducing mutations |
| carcinogen | cancer causing agents |
| toxicology | study of poisons and unwanted responses to drugs and chemicals |
| antidote for acetaminophen overdose | aceytcysteine |
| naloxone | drug for opioid overdose |
Created by:
rsarao
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