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Nervous/ Endocrine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What part of the brain controls balance and coordination? | Cerebellum |
| What is the "control center" of the body? | Brain |
| What is the largest part of the brain? | Cerebrum |
| What is protected by the spine and receives messages from the brain and body? | Spinal cord |
| What part of the nervous system is made of nerves and leaves from the spinal cord? | PNS |
| What is the scientific name for nerve cells? | Neuron |
| What cells detect changes inside and outside the body? | Receptors |
| What part of the nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord? | CNS (Central nervous system) |
| The electrical message that travels through the neuron is called what? | Impulse |
| A quick involuntary response to a stimulus is a what? | Reflex |
| What controls involuntary actions like breathing and heartbeat? | Medulla |
| What comes from the spinal cord: about the diameter of the thumb? | Nerves |
| What system sends electrical impulses? | Nervous system |
| Which part of the brain has two hemispheres? | Cerebrum |
| How long would all your nerves reach? | 47 miles |
| Where does the impulse change to chemical? | Synapse |
| What neurons are responsible for muscle movement? | Motor neurons |
| What system controls body functions such as growth and sexual development? | Endocrine system |
| Glucose is converted into what? | Glycogen |
| What is the fight or flight hormone? | Ephinephrine |
| What do feedback controls do? | Turn endocrine glands on and off |
| What is a gland? | A group of cells that messages chemicals for the body |
| Chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands are called what? | Hormones |
| What does the pancreas produce? | Insulin |
| What is the central nervous system? | Brain and spinal cord |
| What is the peripheral nervous system? | All of the parts of the nervous system except for the brain and spinal cord |
| What includes the nerves? | Peripheral nervous system |
| What acts as the control center for your body? | Central nervous system |
| What includes your brain and spinal cord? | Central nervous system |
| What connects all areas of your body to the brain and spinal cord? | Peripheral nervous system |
| What are nerve cells specialized to receive and conduct electrical impulses? | Neurons |
| What are electrical messages that may travel as fast as 150 m/s or as slow as 0.2 m/s called? | Impulses |
| What allows the neuron to receive information? | Dendrite |
| What's a long fiber that transmits information to other cells? | Axon |
| What contains cell organelles and a nucleus? | Cell body |
| What is the tip of each branch of an axon called? | Axon terminal |
| What are specialized nerve endings on sensory neurons that detect changes inside and outside the body called? | Receptors |
| What are neurons that send impulses from the brain and spinal cord to other systems called? | Motor neurons |
| What do nerve cells not contain? | Muscle fiber |
| What kind of neurons may nerves contain the axons of? | Sensory and motor neurons |
| What are the two parts of the peripheral nervous system? | Sensory and motor neurons |
| What part of the peripheral nervous system is composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems? | Motor part |
| What is under your conscious control? | Somatic nervous system |
| What controls digestion and heart rate? | Autonomic nervous system |
| What is composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems? | Autonomic nervous sytem |
| What is used for writing, talking, and other voluntary movements? | Somatic nervous system |
| What maintains a stable internal environment (homeostasis)? | Autonomic nervous system |
| What is the largest organ of the central nervous system? | Brain |
| Is digestion voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| Is moving your arm voluntary or involuntary? | Voluntary |
| Are body processes that happen automatically voluntary or involuntary? | Involuntary |
| What are the three connected parts of the brain? | Cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla |
| Where are most memories stored? | Cerebrum |
| What is the right hand controlled by? | The left hemisphere of the cerebrum |
| Which part of the brain keeps track of your body's position? | Cerebellum |
| What is your body's involuntary processes, such as heart rate, controlled by? | Medulla |
| What is the spinal cord protected by? | Vertebrate |
| What is the spinal cord made of? | Neurons and axons |
| What do nerve fibers in your spinal cord allow your brain to communicate with? | Peripheral nervous system |
| What might a spinal cord injury do? | It may block all information to and from the brain |
| What is the possible effect of a spinal cord injury? | It may block all sensory impulses from the feet and legs |
| What are two ways to help prevent spinal cord injuries? | Wearing a seat belt and wearing proper safety equipment |
| What are the two main systems composed of two main branches in the nervous system? | Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system |
| What is a cell of the nervous system called? | Neuron |
| What are the three types of neurons? | Sensory, motor, interneuron |
| What do sensory neurons do? | Carry messages from the sense organs to the brain and spinal cord |
| What do motor neurons do? | Carry messages from CNS to muscles and glands |
| What do interneurons do? | Located in the CNS; they connect sensory and motor neurons |
| What is the somatic nervous system? | Most of the neurons that are part of this nervous system are under your conscious control |
| What is the autonomic nervous system? | Do not need your conscious control. Controls body functions that you don't think about, such as digestion, and heart rate |
| What is a nerve? | A collection of axons bundled together with blood vessels and connective tissue |
| What is synapse? | Must form the gap between the axon and the next structure; its tips must release chemicals called neurotransmitters that carry the impulse across the gap |
| What is the cerebrum? | The largest part of the brain; controls voluntary muscles, thinking, learning, memory, and senses |
| What is the cerebellum? | Coordinates muscle movement and balance |
| What is the medulla? | It is the top of the brain stem; it controls automatic things like breathing, heartbeat, and involuntary muscles (digestion) |
| What is the pituitary gland? | Secretes hormones that affect other glands and organs |
| What is the parathyroid gland? | (Behind the thyroid) regulate calcium levels in the blood |
| What is the adrenal gland? | Help the body respond to danger |
| What is the pancreas? | Regulates blood glucose levels |
| What are ovaries? | (In females) produce hormones needed for reproduction |
| What is the thyroid gland? | Increases the rate at which you use energy |
| What is the thymus gland? | Regulates the immune system, which helps your body fight disease |
| What is testes? | (In males) an organ that produces male reproductive cells |
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