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5/5/15
Term | Definition |
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beta carotene | strongly colored red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits. good for vision, immunity, and overall health |
vitamins | an organic compound and a vital nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts |
proteins | large biological molecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues |
whey | the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained |
drying | the process of removing the moisture from something |
freeze drying | also known as lyophilisation, lyophilization, or cryodesiccation, is a dehydration process typically used to preserve a perishable material or make the material more convenient for transport. |
golden rice | a variety of rice produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice |
mechanical refrigeration | is a process by which heat is removed from a location using a man-made heat-exchange system |
cheese | a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep |
transgenic organisms | Genes of one species can be modified, or genes can be transplanted from one species to another |
curds | a dairy product obtained by curdling milk. The coagulation can be caused by adding rennet or any edible acidic substance such as lemon juice or vinegar, and then allowing it to set |
chymosin | a protease found in rennet. It is produced by newborn ruminant animals in the lining of the fourth stomach to curdle the milk they ingest, allowing a longer residence in the bowels and better absorption. It is widely used in the production of cheese |
anemia | A condition in which the blood doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells |
carbohydrates | a biological molecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 |
microbes | microscopic organisms |
phytochemicals | chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants |
vitamin A | a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds, that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids |
food preservation | involves preventing the growth of bacteria, fungi (such as yeasts), or other micro-organisms (although some methods work by introducing benign bacteria or fungi to the food), as well as retarding the oxidation of fats that cause rancidity. |
dietary deficiencies | disorders that occur because of a lack of essential nutrients in the diet, or because the body cannot absorb and process those nutrients once they are eaten. Most dietary deficiency diseases are caused by a lack of protein, vitamins, or minerals |
GMO | is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques |
rennin | also called Chymosin, protein-digesting enzyme that curdles milk by transforming caseinogen into insoluble casein; it is found only in the fourth stomach of cud-chewing animals, such as cows |
canning | a method of preserving food in which the food contents are processed and sealed in an airtight container |
cassava | is a nutty flavored, starch-tuber in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae) of plants. It thought to have originated from the South-American forests. Its sweet, chewy underground tuber is one of the popular edible root-vegetables. Indigenous people of many par |
legumes | a plant in the family Fabaceae, or the fruit or seed of such a plant. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for their food grain seed, for livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure |
biofortified | the idea of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value |
minerals | keep a person healthy and have key roles in body functions |
syngenta corporation | a global Swiss agribusiness that markets seeds and agrochemicals. Syngenta is involved in biotechnology and genomic research |
biomanufacturing | refers to the production, isolation and purification of medicines made by pharmaceutical companies |
enzymes | biological molecules (proteins) that act as catalysts and help complex reactions occur everywhere in life |