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7th Science
Chapter 10- Effie Subardoe
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the arthropod order include? | Include the ant, the locust, and the spiders |
| Arthropods | Invertebrates with external skeletons and jointed appendages |
| The five major classes of arthropods are ______, __________,________,__________, and _________. | Insects, crusaceans, archanids, centipedes, and millipedes |
| Exoskeletons | Outside skeletons |
| Chitin | This protein composes the exoskeletons |
| What are the five major characteristics arthropods share? | Exoskeleton, segemented bodies, jointed appendages, open circulatory system, molting |
| Molting | The shedding of the endoskeleton |
| Open system of circulation | When the blood is not restricted to blood vessels |
| Jean-Henri Fabre | Frenchmen who contributed much to the stody of insects |
| Entomologist | A zoologist who studies insects |
| Fabre became known as the greatest __________. | Entomologist |
| The class Insecta | Insects |
| Insects are ___ ____ ______ ___ _______ _______. | The most varied and numerous creatures |
| The instect's three distinct body regions | Head, thorax, abdomen |
| All singles have a single pair of _________. | Antennae |
| Most adult insects have either ______ eyes or ________ eyes. | simple, compound |
| Spiracles | Tiny opening that lead to the trachea |
| Insects are the only invertebrates that can ___. | fly |
| Direct development | When an insects is a miniature replica of their parents and merly grow larger with each molt |
| What are the two types of metaporphises for insects? | Complete or incomplete |
| Complete metamorphis | When a egg turns into a larva, then a pupa (usually in a cocoon or chrysalis), then adult |
| Larva | A worm-like growing stage |
| Cocoon or chrysallis | A protective case to spend to pupa stage in |
| Adult insects do not _____ or ____. | grow, molt |
| Incomplete metamorphis | When an insect goes into an egg, then nymph, then molts into and adult |
| Nymph | An immature form of an insect that resembles the adult but has different body proportions and lack wings |
| Although an insect's eyes are immovable and its head has only limited movement, it's bulging compound eyes enable it to see _______ __________ __ _ ______ . | several directions at a time |
| Optic (sight) nerve | Transmits the information from an insect's lenses through to the insect's brain. |
| Insect antennae have a wide range of ____, _____, and ______. | shapes, sizes, uses |
| Sensilla | "little sense organ"; usually look like tiny hairs |
| Each insect has a "custom-made" set of __________ designed to fit the food God planned for it to eat. | mouthparts |
| Labrum | An insect's upper lip |
| Labium | An insect's lower lip |
| Palps | Sensory organs insects use to feel and taste their food |
| Maxillae | Paired jaws that assist the mandibles |
| Most types of insects have ___ _____ __ ______. | two pairs of wings |
| Many insects are grouped in orders by the ____ ___ _______ ___ _____ _______. | design and structures of their wings |
| "-ptera" | Wing |
| The easiest way to distinguish between the thorax is to what? | Notice the attachment of the legs; the legs attach only to the thorax |
| An insect has an intricately designed and amazingly complex ______ _______. | respiratory network |
| Tracheoles | The smallest tubes in an insect's respiratory system that attach directly to individual cells, providing them with a rich supply of oxygen and removing carbon dioxide |
| Ovipositor | An egg-laying organ a female has on the end of her abdomen |
| Beetles | Make up the Coleoptera order |
| Coleoptera | Sheathed wings; the largest order of insects |
| Elytra | Hard fore-wings a beetle has that fit closely over its body like a shell |
| Ladybug [ladybird beetle] | A beetle that feeds on aphids |
| Aphids | Plant lice |
| Weevils [snout beetles] | Have hard coats and strong legs and a rostrum |
| Rostrum | A beak-like projection at the front of a weevil's body |
| Granary weevils | Destroy oats and rye |
| Boll weevil | Destroy cotton plants |
| Firefly [lighting bug] | Beetles that produce light during mating season |
| Fireflies are among the few species of terrestrial animals that exhibit ______________. | bioluminescence |
| Whirligig beetles | Swim on the surface of a pond; God gave them four compound eyes; two above the water, two under |
| Predatory diving beetle | Stores air in spaces under its elytra; spiracles open to these spaces allowing it to breathe underwater |
| Bug | An insect with a special type of piercing-sucking mouthparts |
| Hemiptera [half wings] | Order made up of true bugs and includes some common pests |
| In Hemiptera, the front half of the fore-wings are ________, like a beetle's elytra, while the back half are ___________ like most insect wings | hardened, membranous |
| Stinkbug | Posses glands that produce an oily substance with a bad odor |
| Homoptera [same wings] | An order in which the insect's wings are normally of the same size, shape, and form |
| Lac insect | Lives in Asia and secretes a resinous substance that can be processed into shellac [used for lacquer and wood finishes |
| Cicada | Lives underground as a nymph for 13 or 17 years, and the tunnels to the surface to spend a week or two as an adult |
| Diptera "two wings" | Order has piercing-sucking mouthparts; includes mosquitoes flies and gnats |
| Mosquitoes | Female mosquitoes bite to obtain the animal or human blood that she need for the proper development of eggs |
| Anticoagulant | A substance that delays or prevents blood clotting |
| Housefly | A carrier of the microbes responsible for such diseases as dysentery and typhoid fever |
| Maggots | The larvae of flies |
| Crane fly | About three times the size of a mosquito but does not bite |
| Black flies or buffalo gnats | Live around a pond and are active during the day; females are bloodsuckers |
| True midge | Is smaller than a mosquito and has feathery antennae |
| Horsefly and deerfly | Closely resemble houseflies but they are larger |
| Orthoptera "straight wings" | Includes crickets, grasshoppers, katydids, locusts, mantises, and cockroaches |
| When insects from the order Orthoptera are not flying, they hold their narrowly folded wings _____ ___ ____ ____. | straight along their body |
| What two groups are grasshoppers divided into? | Long-horned grasshoppers and short-horned grasshoppers |
| Long-horned grasshoppers | Include katydids and crickets |
| Short-horned grasshopper | Locusts |
| Because each species of grasshoppers has a distinctive song, a trained ear can identify a particular type of grasshopper (locust), cricket or katydid by ___ even more accurately than _________. | song , appearance |
| Stridulatory organs | Grasshopper's "musical instruments" |
| How exactly does a grasshopper make sound | The scraper is rubbed across a file, and the forewings resonate this sound |
| Scraper | Often with a row of ridges like a comb |
| File | May be smooth or bumpy |
| Mantis | Uses a praying stance to catch bugs and has a long, slender body |
| Cokcroaches | Among the word'smost numerous insects |
| Brazilian cockroach and the Madagascar hissing cockroach | Kept as pets |
| Odenta "toothed" (this name does no refer to wings) | The order Dragonflies and damselflies are in |
| Dragonflies | Recognizable by their long, slender bodies and two pairs of nearly transparent wings of almost identical size |
| Damselflies | Similar to dragonflies but smaller and are usually a bright, sky ble color |
| While dragonflies hold their wings __________ when not in flight, damselflies hold their wings _____ ___ _____; this is the big difference between dragon and damsel flies. | horizontally, upward and backward |
| Neuroptera "nerve wings" | Include ant lions and lacewings |
| The ant lion is sometimes called the ___ ____ _____ to distinguish it from its larval form. | ant lion fly |
| What are ant lions known for? | For making insect traps in sandy areas protected by rain |
| Lacewings | Feed on aphids; sometimes they eat so many that they are called aphid lions |
| Hymenoptera "membrane wings" | Pass through the stages of complete metamorphosis, includes the social insects |
| Social insects | Ants, bees, and wasps |
| Honeybees | Live in nearly every area of the world; have very organized communities |
| Queen | Her function is to lay eggs |
| Drones {male bees} | Fly with the queen so that she can mate with one of them, making it possible for her to lay her fertilized eggs |
| Fertilized bee eggs develop into _________, unfertilized to _____. | females, males |
| Worker bees {females} | Perform various specialized (they pretty much do all the work) |
| A particular worker's job generally depends on her ___. | age |
| Crop | A saclike organ that holds the liquid from nectar |
| Stinger | A bee's defense mechanism |
| Why shouldn't you take a bee stinger out with tweezers? | You could squeeze the poison out |
| How do bumblebees differ from honeybees? | The queen only live through the winter |
| Wasps | Resemble bees in both appearance an behavior |
| What are the differences between bees and wasps? | The wasp has a long and thin body with little or no hair and a threadlike waist, while a bee's body is thick and round and furry with no clearly visible waist |
| Hornets, yellow jackets, and social and paper wasps | Make paperlike nests |
| All members of a ____ _____' colony, except the queens, die before winter | social wasps |
| Solitary wasps | Don't live in organized wasps |
| Mud dauber | Builds neat rows of cells out of mud; puts paralyzed spiders in the cells to ensure that her larvae will have food |
| Potter wasps | Use mud to construct cells that look like tiny pots or urns |
| Ants | Social insect that is omnivorous |
| All ants are ______. | social |
| How many queens can an ant colony have? | Several |
| Soldier ants | Specialized workers equipped with large mandibles that may be used in fighting for the colony |
| Dairy ants | Feed and protect aphids in order to "milk" them for food; found on every continent besides Antartica |
| Cornfield ants | Tends "herds" of corn root aphids |
| Honeydew | A sweet substance ants obtain from aphids that nourishes the ant |
| Mutualism | A close relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit |
| Army ant | Spends its life wandering |
| Driver ants | The African species of Army ants |
| Ant nests ____ ___ _____. | vary in size |
| In spite of it's many legs, a millipede moves __________. | Slowly |
| Diplopoda "double feet" | Includes millipedes |
| Centipedes prey upon ______ _______, including ___________ and _________. | pesky insects, cockroaches, silverfish |
| Chiplopoda "lip feet" | Includes centipedes; carnivorous |
| Dermatitis | Inflammation of the skin |
| Because of the diseases they transmit, _______ and _____ join fleas, flies, and mosquitoes as man's worst arthropod enemies. | mites and ticks |
| Chigger | The larva form of a harvest mite; near microscopic, can cause dermatitis |
| Scabies | A skin disease caused by mites |
| Mange | Another skin disease caused by mites; fatal to animals if not treated |
| Cattle tick | Often infects cattle with the Texas fever |
| Ticks can transmit diseases like _______ ______ ______ _______ (wood tick) or _______ __________(deer tick). | Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Lyme disease |
| While mites are usually no longer than ____ ___ ___ ______, a tick may measure over ____ ______ after consuming a large meal of blood. | 1/25 of an inch, an inch |
| Mites and Ticks | By far the most numerous arachnids |
| Pseudoscorpions posses ____ ________. | silk glands |
| Book scorpions | A name given to Pseudoscorpions because they like to hide between the pages of books |
| Pseudoscorpions | "false scorpions; the difference is they have no stinger, are smaller, and it has a short, flattened abdomen |
| Female scorpions do not _____ ____, but have _____ ______. | lay eggs, live young |
| Scorpions | Found in the southern and south-western United States and in all tropical climates; range in length from less than an inch to about 8 inches |
| A harvestman is not a spider because it has only ____ _____, and lacks a _________, or "waist", between its two body regions. | two eyes, constriction |
| Harvestmen (daddy longlegs) | A group of archanids known for the extremely long, spindley legs |
Created by:
nelsonclan
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