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biology
exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Renin/Angiotensinogen | raises blood pressure |
| EPO | glycoprotein hormone that controls RBC production |
| ADH | stimulates kidneys to absorb water |
| Glucagon | raises blood sugar levels |
| insulin | decreases blood sugar levels |
| ANP | reduces blood pressure;heart |
| aldosterone | regulates Na+ reabsorption and K+ secretion by kidney;adrenal cortex |
| thyroxine | accelerates metabolic rate in most tissue;secreted by thyroid gland |
| epinephrine | adrenaline;adrenal medulla |
| cholecalciferol | inactive form of vitamin D3; exposed to ultraviolet |
| Vitamin D | promotes calcium absorption |
| oxytocin | stimulates contraction of uterus during child birth |
| antagonistic | hormone that opposes another hormone |
| synergistic | hormone that amplifies another hormone |
| permissive | hormone cannot work without other hormone |
| humoral | hormone release caused by altered levels of certain ions or nutrients |
| neural | hormone release caused by neural output |
| hormonal | hormone release caused by another hormone |
| Graves's disease | disorder resulting from hyperactive thyroid gland |
| diabetes | disease caused by insufficient insulin release |
| cretinism | caused by severe hypothyroidism |
| Cushing's disease | caused by ACTH-releasing pituitary tumor |
| goiter | enlarged protruding thyroid gland |
| bilirubin | yellow pigment of bile |
| hemoglobin | oxygen-transporting protein of erythrocytes |
| factor viii | anti-hemophiliac factor |
| SA node | sets the pace for the heart |
| AV node | signal is 0.1 second behind |
| bundle of his | conduct the impulses through the inter ventricular septum |
| purkinje fibers | depolarize the cells of both ventricles |
| lacteal | lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine that take up lipids |
| lymph nodes | filters lymph; contains macrophages and lymphocytes |
| hydroxyurea | drug to treat chronic leukemia |
| Sickle cell | caused by abnormal hemoglobin |
| plasma | fluid part of blood |
| bone marrow | blood forming tissue within bone |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| antigens | recognized as foreign to the immune system |
| antibodies | binds to an antigen to destroy it |
| leukocytes | white blood cells; immune response |
| platelets | cell fragment found in blood |
| polycythemia | abnormally high number of RBC |
| hemophilia | hereditary bleeding disorder; blood does not clot properly |
| diapedesis | the passage of blood cells through the intact walls of the capillaries, typically accompanying inflammation |
| artery | carry blood away from the heart |
| arteriole | minute artery |
| capillary | smallest of blood vessels and the site of exchange between blood and tissue cells |
| venule | a small vein |
| vein | return blood to the heart |
| limbic system | involved in emotion response and memory formation |
| hippocampus | converts new info into long-term memories |
| amygdala | center for emotional response; fear |
| ependymal cell | CNS supporting cell; lines central cavities of brain and spinal cord |
| Schwann cell | PNS supporting cell; produce myelin sheaths |
| oligodendrocytes | CNS supporting cell; forms myelin sheaths |
| choroid plexus | produces cerebrospinal fluid |
| ventricles | function as major blood pumps in the heart; cavities in the brain |
| arachnoid villi | weblike; middle layer of 3 meninges |
| olfactory | sensory nerve for smell |
| optic | sensory nerve of vision |
| oculomotor | supplies muscles that control eye movement and raises upper eyelids |
| trochlear | innervates the superior oblique eye muscle that runs through a pulley-like loop |
| trigeminal | supplies motor nerves for chewing |
| abducens | turns the eye laterally |
| facial | innervates muscles of facial expression |
| glosso-pharyngeal | innervates tongue and throat |
| vagus | extends to throat and abdomen |
| accessory | supplies motor fibers to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles |
| vestibulo-cochlear | sensory nerve for hearing and vision |
| thalamus | distributes info to the right place |
| pineal(body) gland | aware of light change |
| cerebellum | center for coordination, balance, muscle tone, posture |
| medulla | primitive brain region, control heartbeat, involuntary actions |
| pons | works with medulla |
| hypothalamus | center for many homeostats; constantly checking levels in the body |
| universal donor | O negative |
| universal recipient | AB |
| PDGF | Platelet-derived growth factor is one of the numerous growth factors, or proteins that regulate cell growth and division |
| TTX | potent neurotoxin |
| atropine | helps keep your heart rate stable after a heart attack or during surgery |
| TRH | stimulates the release of TSH and prolactin from the anterior pituitary |
| TSH | stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine and then triiodothyronine which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body |
| thyroxine | responsible for regulation of metabolism |
| PNS | connect the central nervous system to the limbs and organs |
| ANS | control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions |
| CNS | integrates information it receives from, and coordinates and influences the activity of, all parts of the bodies |
Created by:
careybarfield
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