Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Fundi Final
Stack #190927
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prefilled Cartridges | expell air before adminstration; eject excess medication before adminstration |
| Prefilled Syringe | do NOT expell excess air before adminstrating |
| Directions: Mixing Medications | air injected into both vials; medication in multidose vial is drawn into the syringe first |
| Intradermal Injections | forearm, upper back under scapula, 1/4inch to 1/2 inch; 26-27 gauge needle, dosage = 0.5mL; angle: 10-15 degrees; adminstered into the dermis; longest absorption time; allery tests, tubercullin |
| Subcutanous Injections | 25-30 gauge; 3/8inch-1 inch; 3/8inch-5/8inch most commonly used; into adipose tissue; slow absorption rate becuase of blood vessels; 45-90 degree angle; example: insulin or heparin; outer arm, abdomen, thigh; usually no more that 1 mL |
| Insulin Syringes | 28-30 gauge; 5/16inch - 1/2inch length needle |
| Appropriate gauge is determinedd by the medication adminstered - bioogical/meds in aquoes solutions? - meds in oil based solutions? (needle size) | 20 -25 gauge:18 - 25 gauge |
| Intramuscular Injections | deliver medication into certain muscles faster onset of action - more blood vessels; ad: antibiotics, hormones, vaccines, hepatitis vac; 72 degree - 90 degree angel |
| Places of slow absorption | abdomen - rapid; arm; thighs; upper ventral; dorso fluteal areas |
| Bad things about dorsogluteal site | in subcutanoues alters drug absorption; pain temporary or permenant paralysis because of damages to sciatic nerve; no longer recommended for intramuscular injections |
| Excretion | process of removing a drug or its metabolities from the body; kidneys excrete most drugs |
| Metabolism | biotransformation; the change of a drug from its original formation to a new form; liver; primary site for drug metabolism |
| Distribution (depends on..) | on blood flow to th tissue; the drugs availability to leave the bloodstream and drugs ability to enter the cells |
| Tablet | small solid dose of medication compressed or molded |
| Transdermal Patch | unit dose of medication applied directly to skin for diffusion through skin and absorption into the bloodstream |
| Syrup | medication combined in a water and sugar solution |
| Suspension | finely divided undissolved in a liquid medium should be shaken before use |
| Suppository | easily melted medication preperation in a firm base such as gelatin that is inserted into the body (rectum, vagina, urethra) |
| Solution | a dru dissolved in another substance |
| Powder | single or mixture of finely ground drugs |
| Pill | mixture of powder drug with a cohesive material |
| Ointment (unction) | semisolid preperation containing a dug to be applied externally |
| Lozenge (troche) | medication containing a drug in a flavored or sweetened dose; which dissolves in mouth and releases medication |
| Lotion | drug particles in a solution for topical use |
| Liniment | medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soap which s rubbed onto the skin |
| Extended Release | preperation for a medication that allow for slow and continous release over a period of time |
| Enteric Coated | tablet or pill coated to prevent stomach irritation; cannot be crushed |
| Elixir | medication in a clear liquid, containing water, alcohol, sweeteners and flavor |
| Capsule | powder or gel form of an active enclosed in a gelatinous container |
| Pharamcodyanmics | the effect the drug has on the body |
| Pharamacokinetics | the effect the body has on the drug |
| Absorbed in basic enviroments (where) | Intestines |
| Adverse Drug Effects | are undesriable effects other than the intended theraputic effects of drugs |
| Allergic Effect | an immune system response the body interprets the drug as foreign and forms antibodies against the drug |
| Drug Tolerance | body becomes accusomed to the effects of a particular drug over a period of time; necessitating larger doses to produce the desried effect; narcotics and alcohol |
| Toxic Effect | symptoms that carry risk for permanent damage or death; occur from a larger (over dose) |
| Idiosyncratic Effect | peculiar response to a drug; (over, under, opposite, response) thought to be genetic |
| Drug Interactions | one drug is affected by another drug, food, or substance taken at the same time; can be beneficial |
| Drug that can harm the fetus | teratogenic drugs; some drugs are exreted through mammary glands |
| Serum drug levels are monitored to prevent and enhance | toxicity; therapeutic effect |
| Half Life | the amount of time it takes for 50% of the drug to be eliminated |
| Trough Level | lowest concentration of the drug; usually measured 30 min before next dose of drug is due to be adminstered |
| Peak Level | highest plasma concentration (measured when absorption is complete) |
| Theraputic Range | concentration of the drug in the blood serum that produces the desired effect without causing toxicity |
| Subsequent Dose: drug dose | smaller dose; given at regualr intervals to maintain the theraputic drug level |
| Loading Dose: drug dose | larger does; to quickly reach a theraputic blood level of the drug |
| Hyponatremia | < 135 MEQ/L of sodium; seizures, cramps, vomiting, anorexia, nausea |
| Hypernatremia | > 145 MEQ/L of sodium; thirst, increase body temp, dry mouth |
| Hypokalemia | < 3.5 MEQ of potassium; fatigue, nausea, vomiting, decrease bowel, polyuria |
| Hyperkalemia | > 5.0 MEQ of potassium; muscle weakness, paralysis |
| Hypocalcemia | < 8.5 mg/dl of calcium; seizures, mental, cramps |
| Hypercalcemia | > 10.5 mg/dl of calcium; weakness, lethargy, constipation, kidney stones |
| Hypomagnesemia | < 1.3 MEQ/L of magnesium; irability, mental change |
| Hypermagnesmia | > 3-5 MEQ/L of magnesium; hypotension, decrease respirations, drowsiness |
| Hypophosphatemia | < 2.5 mg/dl of phorophous; respiratory failure, seizures, joint stiffness |
| Hyperphosphatemia | > 4.5 mg/dl |
| Respiratory Alkalosis | low PaCO2 - increase pH, >7.45, decrease PaCO2, normal HCO3 |
| Calcium range | 8.5-10.5 mg/dl |
| Metabolic Alkalosis | high bicarbonate; increase pH, >7.45, increase HCO3, normal PaCO2 |
| Acidosis | excess of H ions, loss of base ions, fallas below 7.35 |
| pH of normal body fluid | 7.35-7.45 |
| PaO2 Range | 80-100mg; acid <80; base >100 |
| PaCO2 Range | 35-45 mm/hg; acid <35; base >45 |
| Alkalosis | lack of H ions; gain of base; pH exceeds 7.45 |
| Respirtory Acidosis Disturbances | acute/chronic respiraoty disease; edema, atelectasis, CNS depression, twitching, dizziness, unconciousness, weakness, headache, asthma |
| HCO3 | 22-26 MEQ/L; Acid <22; Base >26 |
| Metabolic Alkalosis | vomiting, hypokalemia, renal loss, dizziness, hypertonic muscles, tingling of fingers and feet |
| Hypertonic | solution has greater osmolarity than plasma; >295 mos/l |
| Hypotonic | solutionis less osmolarity than plasma; <275 mos/l |
| Metabolic Acidosis disturbances | diahrea, renal failure, headache, confusion, increase respiraoty rate and depth, nasuses, vomiting, peripheral vasodilation |
| Respiratory Alkalosis Disturbances | hyperventilation, anxiety, hypoexmia, fever, spsis, sweating, dry mouth, lightheadness, convulsions |
| Metabolic Acidosis | low bicarbonate; decrease pH; < 7.35; decrease HCO3; normal PaCO2 |
| Respiratory Acidosis | high PaCO2; decrease in pH; < 7.35; increase in PaCO2; normal HCO3 |
| Sodium Range | 135-145 meq/l |
| Phosophorus Range | 2.5 - 4.5 mg/dl |
| Magnesium Range | 1.3 - 3.5 meq/l |
| Potassium Range | 3.5 - 5.0 meq/l |
| Calcium | Milk, dairy products, canned fish, greens; 1000mg |
| Phosphorus | milk, soft drinks, processed foods; 700 mg |
| Magnesium | green leafy vegetables, nuts, beans, grains; 310-420mg |
| Sulfur | Meat, eggs, milk, dried peas, beans, nuts |
| Sodium | salt, processed foods; 1500mg |
| Potassium | whole grains, fruits, leafy vegetables; 4700 mg |
| Chloride | salt; 2300 mg |
| Iron | liver, lean meats, grain breads, ceral; 2-18 mg |
| Iodine | salt, seafood, food additives; 150 mg |
| Zinc | oyesters, liver, meats, peas, beans, nuts; 8-11 mg |
| Manganese | whole grains, nuts, dried pease, beans, fruit; 1.8-2.3 mg |
| Vitamin C | citrus fruits, broccli, green peppers, strawberries, greens; 75-90 mg |
| Vitamin B complex | liver, egg yolk, poultry, meats, sefood, green leafy veggies, yeast, banana, broccli, spinach, milk |
| Vitamin A | liver, carrots, egg, yolk, fortified milk; 700-900 mg |
| Vitamin D | sunlight, fortified milk, fish; 5ug |
| Vitamin E | vegetable oils, wheat, whole grains; 15 ug |
| Vitamin K | green leafy vegetables, intestines from gut; 90-125 ug |
Created by:
Kimmy0414
Popular Nursing sets