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Science ch. 6,9,14

QuestionAnswer
conduction transfer of energy through matter by colliding particles; takes place because the particles are always in constant motion
radiation the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves
insulator materials such as fleece or fiber glass; don't allow heat to move easily through them
convection the transfer of energy by the motion of heated particles
nuclear fission process of splitting a large atomic nucleus into 2 nuclei with a smaller mass
nuclear fusion the process of fusing together 2 atomic nuclei with low masses to form one nucleus with a larger mass
chain reaction an ongoing series of fission reactions
tracer a radio scope that is used to find or keep track of molecules in an organism
critical mass amount of fissionable material required so that each fission reaction produces approx. one more fission reaction
opaque a material that absorbs or reflects all light
translucent material that allows some light to pass through, but not enough to see objects clearly through it
transparent a material that admits almost all of the light striking it so objects can be seen
index of reaction property of material indicating how much light slows down when treaveling
mirage image of a distant object that results when air at ground level is much warmer or cooler than the air layers above it making the image refract
pigment colored material that absorbs some colors and reflects others
when is kinetic energy transferred? as particles collide
what are good heat conductors? solids particularly metals
convection currents transfer heat from warmer to cooler parts of a fluid
what can convection currents create on earth? rainforests and deserts
what makes a good insulator? gasses such as air
vaccuum a material that contains almost no matter to allow conduction or convection to occur
Nuclear Fusion can only happen when... the nuclei are moving fast enough to get close to eachother
What are radio isotopes used as? tracers to find or keep track of molecules in an oraganism
What must light and matter objects do to be seen? reflect light
Reflection of light a light wave strikes an object ad reflects
law of reflection the angle at which light strikes a surface is the same as the angle it is reflected
regular reflection reflection of light waves from a smooth surface
diffused reflection reflection of light waves from a rough surface
Refraction of light change in the speed of a light wave when it passes from one material to another
the more light is slowed... the longer the index of refraction
index of refraction indicates how much material reduces the speed of light
prisms separate white light into visible spectrum based on wavelengths
What are colors determined by? the wavelength of light an object reflects
objects appear to be white because... they reflect all colors of visible light
objects appear to be black because... they absorb instead of reflect all colors of visible light
filters make objects appear different colors than they really are
seeing color light enters the eye and is focused on the retina
cone distinguish colors and detailed shapes; (cells) that are most effective in the daytime
rods sensitive cells to dim light; most effective in nighttime vision
color blindness results when one or more sets of cones don't properly work
pigment colored material that absorbs some colors and reflects others
primary colors of light red,green, and blue
primary colors of pigment magenta, cyan, and yellow
What are the primary colors of light? additive colors; they combine to form white
What are the primary colors of pigment? subtractive colors; combine to form black
Created by: ChloeMJ
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