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A&P The Easy Way
Excelsior Exam (incomplete)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The chemical products of the endocrine glands are | hormones |
| Steroid hormones are lipid molecules synthesized from | sterols |
| Another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is | adenohypophysis |
| Oversecretion of the human growth hormone during childhood results in | gigantism |
| The thyroid gland is located in the tissues of the | neck |
| In order to produce thyroxin, the diet must contain atoms of | iodine |
| Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in infants and children can result in a disease called | cretinism |
| An excess of thyroxin in a human can result in a condition known as | graves disease |
| The parathryoid glands are located on the posterior surface of the | thyroid gland |
| The hormone secreted by the parathryoid glands regulates the body's level of | calcium |
| The largest glandular organ of the abdominal cavity is the | pancreas |
| Diabetes mellitus is condition in which the cells receive an insufficient supply of | glucose |
| The hormone that regulates the passage of glucose in the cells is called | insulin |
| In addition to insulin, the pancreas also produces the hormone | glucagon |
| Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreas known as | beta cells |
| The adrenal glands may be found on the superior borders of the | kidney |
| The outer tissue of the adrenal gland is known as the | cortex |
| Aldosterone is an example of adrenal hormones called | mineralocorticoids |
| The metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fats is regulated by hormones of the adrenal glands called | glucocorticoids |
| The activity of the adrenal gland is regulated by a pituitary hormone abbreviated as | ACTH |
| An insufficient secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex may result in the disease called | Addison's Disease |
| The placenta of a woman secretes the hormone | progesterone |
| The cone shaped endocrine gland located in the midbrain is the | pineal gland |
| The thymus gland plays an important role in the development of white blood cells called | T-lymphocytes |
| Numerous cells in various organs of the body secrete lipid hormones called | prostaglandins |
| The hormone erythropoetin functions during the maturation of | red blood cells |
| All hormones are transported in the body by the | blood |
| Estrogenm progesterone, and cortisol are examples of hormones composed of molecules of | steroid |
| When hormones interact with cells they affect the activity of an enzyme called | adenycyclase |
| The pituitary gland lies in the saddle of a sphenoid bone called the | sella turcia |
| The hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are produced by a portion of the brain called the | hypothalamus |
| The hormone TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland and has an effect on the | thyroid gland |
| The hormone that acts on the mammary glands and stimulates the production of milk is called | prolactin |
| One hormone of the posterior pituitary gland acts on the kidney tubules and is called | antidiuretic hormone |
| The hormone whose target tissue is the uterus where it induces contractions is called | oxytocin |
| In the absence of dietary iodine, the thyroid gland swells and produces a condition called | goiter |
| The calcium-regulating hormone of the thyroid gland is called | calcitonin |
| Another name for the parathyroid hormone is | parathormone |
| The hormone insulin is composed exclusively of | protein |
| The function of the hormone glucagon is to stimulate the break-down of the carbohydrate | glycogen |
| The inner tissue of the adrenal gland is called the | medulla |
| The concentration of electrolytes in the body is regulated by adrenal hormones called | mineralocorticoids |
| An important hormone of the adrenal medulla which functions in the fight or flight response is called | epinephrine |
| Oversecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in | Cushing's syndrome |
| Hormones from the ovaries influence the secondary sex characteristics of the | female |
| The hormone that is believed to regulate mating behavior and the day night cycle is called | melatonin |
| Female sex hormones are known as | estrogen |
| The location of the pineal gland is within the | brain |
| The maturation and development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones called | thymosins |
| The hormone gastrin and secretin function in the process of | digestion |
| The product of the body's endocrine glands are | hormones |
| Hormones may consist of | steroid molecules, protein molecules, amine molecules |
| The pituitary gland lies in the | inferior aspect of the brain |
| What hormones are produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland? | HGH, TSH, prolactin |
| The oversecretion of HGH in adults may result in the condition called | acromegaly |
| The neurohypophysis is another name for the | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| In the female, the luteinizing hormone acts to promote | ovulation |
| The target tissue of ACTH is the | cortex of the adrenal gland |
| The hormone responsible for contractions of the uterus is known as | oxytocin |
| The thyroid gland is located near the | trachea |
| In order for the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin | iodine must be available |
| Symptoms of cretinism include | stunted growth and thickened facial features |
| Graves disease can result from an excess of | thyroxin in the blood |
| Calcitonin and the parathyroid hormones are both concerned with the level of | calcium in the blood |
| Symptoms of diabetes mellitus may include | frequent urination, excessive thirst, high glucose content of the urine |
| The hormone antagonistic to insulin is | glucagon |
| The parathryoid glands are located close to the | trachea |
| In patients with diabetes mellitus insufficient ______ enters the cells | glucose |
| The endocrine gland located in the abdominal cavity is the | pancreas |
| The two major portions of the adrenal gland are the | medulla and cortex |
| The hormones of the adrenal glands complement the action of the | sympathetic nervous system |
| The concentration of sodium and potassium ions in the blood and body fluid is regulated by hormones known as | mineralocorticoids |
| Hormones that influence the secondary sex characteristics may be produced by both the | adrenal glands and reproductive organs |
| The secretion of melatonin is related to the | pineal gland |
| The proper functioning of the body's immune system depends in part on the activity of the | thymus gland |
| The hormones gastrin and secretin are located within the linings of the | stomach and small intestine |
| The cone shaped gland located in the brain is known as the | pineal gland |
| The development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones known as | thymosins |
| Secondary male characteristics are influenced by hormones known as | androgens |
| The _____ cells of the pancreas are responsible for the production of glucagon | alpha |
| The parathyroid hormone acts in a manner that is antagonistic to the activity of | calcitonin |
| The _____ lies in the fold of the stomach | pancreas |
| Both thyroxin and triiodothyronin increase the rate of _____ synthesis in the body | protein |
| Contractions of the uterus may be stimulated by the hormone | oxytocin |
| The hormone ______ is produced by the pituitary gland and it regulates the activity of the ________ ________ | ACTH; adrenal cortex |
| The _____________ is a product of the anterior pituitary gland that acts on the ovaries and testes. | follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) |
| The posterior pituitary gland receives and stores hormones from the | hypothalamus |
| Swelling of the thyroid glands due to lack of iodine is referred to as | goiter |
| Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in adults may result in a condition called | myxedema |
| The composition of the hormone insulin is | protein |
| The hormone aldosterone is an example of the | mineralocorticoids |
| Two important catecholamine hormones are | epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| An inadequate secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in | Addison's disease |
| Many of the tissue cells of the body produce lipdi hormones called | prostaglandins |
| The maturation of red blood cells is controlled by the hormone | erythropoetin |
| The pituitary gland lies in a saddle of the | sphenoid bone |
| Another name for human growth hormone is | somatotropin |
| The hormone prolactin stimulates the production of ______ in the human body | milk |
| The thymus gland is located in the tissue of the | thorax |
| Glucagon and insulin are both hormones produced by the | pancreas |
| The study of body structures without the use of a microscope is known as | gross anatomy |
| For histologic anatomy, it is important that one employ a | microscope |
| One of the branches of physiology is cytology , which is the study of | cells |
| The function of the excretory system is a major topic of a branch of physiology known as | renal physiology |
| At it's most simple level of structure the body is composed of | atoms |
| Sodium choloride, proteins, lipids, and water typify the level of structure of the body in which the main components are | molecules |
| The fundamental unit of living things, includig the human body is the | cell |
| A group of cells working together to perform the same function represents a | tissue |
| A type of tissue represented by the blood and bone is | connective tissue |
| The organs of the body are lined with a type of tissue known as | epithelial tissue |
| Various types of tissue work together in the human body to compose a | organ |
| The sum total of all chemical processes occurring in the body is | metabolism |
| When organic matter is built up from smaller molecules, and the process usually requires an input of energy, the overall process is called | anabolism |
| The metabolic process in which organic matter is broken down, usually with the release of energy is | catabolism |
| Two general types of movememnt in the body are voluntary and | involuntary movement |
| To assist the process of movement in the body, the muscles are usually attached to | bones |
| The body obtains materials from the environment and forms more of itself in the process f | growth |
| The characteristic of conductivity is associated in the body with muscle cells and | nerve cells |
| In addition to producing an entirely new individual, new cells are formed in the body for the three purposes of replacement, growth, and | repair |
| The form of reproduction in which a fertilized egg cell forms is called | sexual reproduction |
| In the duplication of a single cell to form two identical daughter cells, the reproduction is known as | asexual reproduction |
| The steady state equilibrium existing in the body is known as | homeostasis |
| The cells of an organism and the organism itself remains relatively constant in its chemical environment and in its | physical environment |
| Part of the chemical requirements of the human body to maintain homeostasis include water, nutrients, and | oxygen |
| Among the systems that contribute to the maintenance of homeostatis are the nervous system and the | endocrine system |
| An imbalance in the internal environment and disturbance of homeostasis are both created by | stress |
| A system in which information decreases the system's output and brings the system back to its setpoint is a | negative feedback system |
| The system in which information is returned in order to increase the deviation from the original setpoint is a | positive feedback system |
| The body is erect with eyes forward, feet together, arms at the side, and palms up in the | anatomical position |
| In speaking of a direction toward the front of the body on the belly side, one uses the term | anterior |
| Although the term dorsal is sometimes used, the preferred term when referring to the back side of a human is | posterior |
| In anatomical nomenclature, the term superior refers to an aspect of the body toward the | head |
| In anatomical terms, the abdomen is saidto be inferior to the | thorax |
| The anatomical term referring to a side away from the midline is | lateral |
| The term proximal refers to a direction closer to the attachment point of an extremity to the body's | trunk |
| In the anatomical literature, the hand would be considered distal to the | lower arm |
| Two structures on the same side of the body such as the left arm and left leg are said to be | ipsilateral |
| A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides represents a | sagittal plane |
| A longitudinal plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is a frontal plane, also known as a | coronal plane |
| A horizontal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts and is also known as a | transverse plane |
| A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left halves, but if the halves are unequal the plane is said to be a | parasagittal plane |
| The dorsal cavity is subdivided into the spinal cavity and the | cranial plane |
| Two major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity are the abdominopelvic cavity and the | thoracic cavity |
| The heart, esophagus, trachea, and bronchi are all located in a portion of the body called the | mediastinum |
| The abdominal subdivision and pelvic subdivision are portions of the abdominopelvic cavity, which is also known as the | peritoneal cavity |
| The large dome shaped muscle separating the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity is the | diaphragm |
| Immediately superior to the umbilical region is a region of the abdominopelvic cavity known as the | epigastric region |
| Lateral to the hypogastric region of the abdominopelvic cavity is the iliac region, also called the | inguinal region |
| Among the three major serous membranes of the body are the peritoneum. the pleura, and the | pericardium |
| The three serous membranes of the body have both visceral portions and | parietal portions |
| The discipline of histologic anatomy is concerned primarily with the microscopic observations of ______ and ______ | cells; tissue |
| The fundamental unit of living things is the | cell |
| Basic types of human tissues are | connective tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue |
| Several organs having related functions and working together constitute an | organ system |
| The metabolic process of catabolism involves the breakdown of | organic matter |
| The bones of the skeletal system assist the function of movement by providing sites for the | attachments of muscles |
| The navel would be considered to be located on the_______________ of the body. | anterior aspect |
| In relationship to the stomach, the spinal cord is | posterior |
| The directional term referring to an area toward the lower part of the body and away from the head is | inferior |
| If structure A lies lateral to the body, and structure B is in the opposite direction, then structure B is in the direction referred to as | medial |
| Relative to each other, the right and left arms are | contralateral |
| In comparison to the knee joint, the hip joint of the body is said to be | proximal |
| In comparison to the skin the muscles are | deep |
| Because the left arm and left leg are on the same side of the body, they are said to be | ipsilateral |
| Compared to the upper arm, the fingers are | distal |
| A sagital plane divides the body into | right and left sides |
| A cross section of an organ is made in an organ when it is divided across the | transverse plane |
| The cranial cavity and spinal cavity make up the | dorsal body cavity |
| The mediastinum is located within the | thoracic cavity |
| The hypogastric, iliac, and umbilical regions may all be located in the | abdominopelvic cavity |
| The _______ secreted by serous membranes permits organs to slide easily across cavity walls | serous fluid |
| In the levels of structure in the body, molecules associate with one another to form a | cell |
| Two or more different kinds of tissues associate to form a level of structure called an | organ |
| In the metabolic process of catabolism, organic matter is broken down, usually with the release of | energy |
| In the characteristic of ______ , cells receive stimuli and transport those stimuli from one cell part to another. | conductivity |
| ____ reproduction is that form of reproduction in which a single cell duplicates to yield two indentical daughter cells. | Asexual |
| _____ is associated with the relative constancy of the physical and chemical environment in the cells of an organism and in the organism itself. | Homeostasis |
| The self regulating systems that function in the body to protect it against extremes are known as | feedback systems |
| A structure found on the belly side of the body is said to exist on the | anterior aspect |
| The ______ is the reference point for all the directional terms referring to the body. | anatomical position |
| A structure lying in the inferior aspect of the body may also be regarded as lying in the | caudal aspect |
| The eyes are said to be _____ to the nose | lateral |
| A structure lying closer to the body surface than a second structure is said to be | superficial |
| The term dorsal is similar to but not exactly the same as | posterior |
| Relative to the femur, the ankle is said to be | distal |
| A _____ plane is a longitudinal plane that divides the body into left and right sides. | vertical |
| A coronal plane of the body is the same as a ____ plane | frontal |
| A coronal plane lies at a right angle to a | saggital plane |
| The two major subdivisions of the _______ body cavity are the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. | ventral |
| The esophagus, trachea, and heart lie in a region of the thoracic cavity called the | mediastinum |
| In the abdominopelvic cavity, the epigastric region lies immediately superior to the _____ region | umbilical |
| Lateral to the umbilical region of the abdominopelvic cavity are the right and left _____ regions. | lumbar |
| The walls of the ______ body cavity and its organs are covered by the serous membrane | ventral |
| The abdominal organs and many pelvic organs are covered by a serous membrane called the | peritoneum |
| Serous membranes generally lie very _____ to one another. | close |
| The two main portions of the serous membranes are the ______ portion and the ______ portion | visceral; parietal |
| The red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are blood components known as | formed elements |
| The pH of the blood is usually about | 7.35-7.45 |
| The blood is responsible for the transport of substances that lend chemical coordination to the body and are known as | hormones |
| The fluid portion of the blood is the | plasma |
| When the blood clotting proteins are removed from the plasma, the plasma is then known as | serum |
| Among the major ions transported by the blood are calcium, potassium chloride, bicarbonate, and | sodium |
| Those plasma proteins that contribute to the viscosity of the blood and are partly responsible for maintaining the constant pH of the blood are known as | albumin proteins |
| The antibodies belong to a major group of plasma proteins called | globulin proteins |
| Approximately 7 percent of the plasma protein consists of a liver product known as | fibrinogen |
| The plasma proteins encourage the movement of water molecules from the tissue fluids into the bloodstream, and this movement of fluids is known as | osmosis |
| The major pigment that transports oxygen within red blood cells is | hemoglobin |
| Red blood cells are commonly known by their alternative name | erythrocytes |
| The number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter in an adult male is approximately | 5.8 million |
| The number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter in an adult female is | 4.8 million |
| The shape of a red blood cell is that of a | biconcave disk |
| When a red blood cell shrinks in solutions that contain excessive salt, the process is called | crenation |
| When red blood cells swell and burst in solutions that contain low concentration of salt, the process is | hemolysis |
| Red blood cells are formed in the bone marrow through a process known as | erythropoiesis |
| When mature, the red blood cells enter the body capillaries from the bone marrow by squeezing through the walls of the capillaries in a process that is called | diapedesis |
| The two polypeptide chains of the hemoglobin molecule are known as | alpha and beta chains |
| The iron containing group of the hemoglobin molecule that binds to oxygen molecules is known as the | heme group |
| When oxygen is bound to the hemoglobin molecule, the hemoglobin molecule is known as | oxyhemoglobin |
| When carbon dioxide is bound to the hemoglobin molecule, the hemoglobin molecule is known as | carboxyhemoglobin |
| The main portion of carbon dioxide is transported through the plasma dissolved as | bicarbonate ions |
| Red blood cells circulate in the human bloodstream for approximately | 120 days |
| After breakdown, the hemoglobin pigment of red blood cells is eventually converted to a bile pigment known as | bilirubin |
| The production of red blood cells is regulated by a hormone known as | erythropoietin |
| A lack of vitamin B-12 may result in a condition known as | pernicious anemia |
| Such things as X-rays and drugs may prevent the production of red blood cells, a condition called | aplastic anemia |
| A genetic defect that encodes hemoglobin may lead to a deformity of the red blood cells and a disease known as | sickle cell anemia |
| When the body fails to synthesize one of more of the polypeptide chains of hemoglobin, the condition that results is called | Cooley's anemia |
| An alternative name for white blood cells is | leukocytes |
| A normal adult has a white blood cell count per cubic millimeter that numbers about | 70 |
| The white blood cells develop within the | red bone marrow |
| Neutrophils and basophils are types of white blood cells known as | granulocytes |
| Lymphocytes and monocytes have no granules in their cytoplasm and are therefore known as | agranulocytes |
| The principal function of the neutrophil is | phagocytosis |
| The granules of the eosinophil stain with acidic dyes and appear | red |
| The percentage of total white blood count that is basophils is approximately | 1% |
| The lymphocytes are the important cells of the body system known as the | immune system |
| When the monocytes enter the tissue environment, they change into large, phagocytic cells called | macrophages |
| Antibodies are produced by white blood cells known as | lymphocytes |
| A general reduction of white blood cells in the body is referred to as | leukopenia |
| Blood platelets are produced in the bone marrow by large cells called | megakaryocytes |
| A mass of platelets and collagen fibers that patch a hole in a blood vessel is known as a | platelet plug |
| In the intrinsic pathway, an important factor that initiates the chemical pathway is called | Factor XII |
| In the intrinsic pathway, substances from damaged blood vessels release an activating substance called | thromboplastin |
| The subsance thrombin is responsible for activating the conversion of fibrinogen to | fibrin |
| The accumulation of cholesterol substances within the inner wall of a blood vessel encourages a condtion called | atherosclerosis |
| A condtion in which a blood clot moves from one part of the body to another is known as a | embolism |
| Some functions of the blood | transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells, protects the body from diseae, transports nutrients from the digestive system to the body |
| Some characteristics of blood | contains about 92% water, more viscous than water, contains about 7% protein |
| Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen are three of the | proteins present in the blood |
| The antibody molecules produced in the immune system belong to a group of proteins called | gamma globulins |
| What is the shape of the red blood cell | biconcave disk |
| When red blood cells are placed in solution that contains no salt, the red blood cells tend to | swell |
| The squeezing of red blood cells from the bone marrow into the capillaries is a process known as | diapedesis |
| Some things found in hemoglobin | two polypeptide chains, iron atoms, heme groups |
| The major portion of carbon dioxide molecules is transported in the blood dissolved in | plasma as bicarbonate ions |
| Old and damaged red blood cells are broken down in the | liver, spleen, and bone marrow |
| Bilirubin is a bile pigment formed from the breakdown of | hemoglobin |
| Pernicious anemia is related to a lack of | vitamin B-12 in the body |
| ________ anemia is derived from a defect traced to the genes of the body | sickle cell |
| Neutrophils are types of | white blood cells |
| The primary cells of the body's immune system are the | B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes |
| Approximately 6-8 % of the white blood cells consist of phagocytic cells known as | monocytes |
| An over population of white blood cells is a characteristic of a form of cancer known as | leukemia |
| The primary function of the white blood cells in the body is in | body defense |
| The clotting protein called prothrombin is manufactured in the | liver |
| What is a reaction in the extrinsic pathway of blood clotting? | prothrombin is converted to thrombin |
| The accumulation of cholesterol along he inner walls of blood vessels can lead to a condtion called | atherosclerosis |
| A person who has blood type A may donate blood to a person who has | type A or type AB |
| A person who has blood type B may receive blood from a person who has | type B or type O |
| Hemolytic disease of the newborn may develop when the male is _____ and the female is_____ | Rh+; Rh- |
| To prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn from occuring in succeeding pregnancies, shortly after the birth of a child a woman is given an injection of | anti-Rh antibodies |
| The heart is enclosed within an area of the thorax known as the | mediastinum |
| The double sac membrane that covers the heart is the | pericardium |
| The heart has three layers of tissue, of which the main constituent is the second layer called the | myocardium |
| The layer of the heart tissue lining the heart chambers and making up much of the valve tissue is the | endocardium |
| The heart chambers are separated longitudinally by a body of tissue known as the | cardiac septum |
| The receiving chambers of the heart are the | atria |
| The flat wrinkled appendage of the atrium is the | aricle |
| The two vena cavae enter the right atrium together with a third vein known as the | coronary sinus |
| The pumping chambers of the heart are the | ventricles |
| Blood returns to the heart from the lungs by means of the | pulmonary veins |
| The largest artery emerging from the left ventricle of the heart is the | aorta |
| Those blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are | arteries |
| Those blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart are | veins |
| On the right side of the heart, the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is the | tricuspid |
| On the left side of the heart, the bicuspid valve has two flaps and is also known as the | mitral |
| The flaps of the heart valves are anchored to the wall of the ventricles by tissue chords known as | chordae tindinae |
| The valves within the pulmonary artery and aorta are referred to as the | semilunar valves |
| Arteries that supply blood to the tissue of the heart are the | coronary arteries |
| A blockage found in the heart muscle formed by dead cells is a | myocardial infarction |
| Cardiac muscles are connected to one another by junctions called | intercalated disks |
| The sinoatrial node of the heart may be found in the wall of the | right atrium |
| Because the sinoatrial node sets the pace for the nervous activity of the heart, it is commonly known as the | pacemaker |
| The nerve fibers, which distribute nerve impulses to tissues of the heart, are the | Purkinje Fibers |
| The second major node of the heart after the sinoatrial node is the | atrioventricular node |
| Irregular heart rhythms sometimes occur in the tissues and are known as | arrhythmias |
| The nervous activity of the heart can be exerted by fibers of a branch of the nervous system known as the | autonomic nervous system |
| Heart contraction is known by the alternate term of | systole |
| Relaxation periods of the heart during which no contractions are ocurring are known as | diastole |
| The heart beats each minute approximately | 70-75 times |
| Unusual heart sounds such as those emitted by poorly functioning valves are called | murmurs |
| The smallest vessels which carry blood to the cells of the tissue are the | capillaries |
| The innermost layer of the artery is referred to as | endothelium |
| When an artery lumen undergoes a narrowing, the condition is called | vasoconstriction |
| The entry to the capillary is guarded by circular muscles known as | sphincters |
| The union of several capillaries emerging from the cellular environment forms a vessel known as a | venule |
| The inner layer of the vein often folds inward to form a | valve |
| Dilated veins cause a condition known as | vericose veins |
| The pressure of the blood can be measured by an instrument known as a | sphygonomoanometer |
| A typical blood pressure reading contains two numbers of which the first number is the systolic pressure and the second number is the | diastolic number |
| A rapid pulse rate | tachycardia |
| A slow pulse rate | bradycardia |
| The volume of blood passing through the circulation of an adult is approximately | 5 liters |
| The regulatory center of the brain that maintains the flow of blood is a cluster of sympathetic neurons known as the | vasomotor center |
| Neurons in arteries of the nect and chest regulate the blood flow are are known as | baroreceptors |
| Two examples of chemicals that affect the blood pressure by inducing vasoconstriction are epinephrine and | norepinephrine |
| Insufficient oxygen and nutrients delivered to the body cells may induce membrane dysfunction and a condition known as | shock |
| The only artery of the body that carries oxygen poor blood is the | pulmonary artery |
| The only vein of the body that carries oxygen rich blood is the | pulmonary vein |
| The blood vessel circulation within the brain is known as the | circle of willis |
| The vein that carries nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver is the | hepatic portal vein |
| Cone shaped, weighs less than a pound, is a hollow organ...this applies to the | heart |
| The pericardium is the double sac membrane that | encloses the heart |
| Most of the cardiac muscle of the heart is found in the | myocardium |
| The interventricular septum and the intra atrial septum separate the | chambers of the heart |
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