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Regents Review
100 Ways to Pass the Earth Science Regents Flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Density | Density of any substance of size is constant ESRTs pg 1 |
| What is the relationship between Density and Air Pressure? | As pressure increase on a solid or gas, denisty increases |
| What is the relationship between Density and Temperature? | As temperature of matter increases, its density decreases |
| Water expands when? | Water expands when it freezes |
| What does the term Cyclic mean? | Many changes are cyclic, an event that repeats itself |
| When is water most dense? | Water is most dense at 4 degreees Celcius, when it is a liquid |
| When Isolines are close together this means? | The closer the Isolines are the steeper the slope or gradient |
| What does Dynamic Equilibrium mean? | Dynamic Equilibrium means balance |
| What type of waves does Earth absorb? | Earth absorbs short waves (Electromagnetic Spectrum) ESRTs pg 14 |
| What type of waves does Earth radiate? | Earth radiates long waves (Electromagnetic Spectrum) ESRTs pg 14 |
| What is the true shape of Earth called? | The true shape of the Earth is an Oblate Spheroid. It is slightly flattened at the poles and slightly bulging at the equator. *REMEMBER= both are only SLIGHTLY out of perfect. |
| What is the best model of Earth? | The best model of Earth is a ping-pong ball |
| How can you discover the altitude of Polaris? | The altitude of Polaris is equal to the observer's Latitude. *Altitude = Latitude *Latitude = Altitude |
| Describe Latitude lines: | Latitude lines are DRAWN east to west BUT they MEASURE NORTH to SOUTH. *Latitude is always recorded first (34N) |
| Describe Longitude lines: | Longistude lines are DRAWN north to east BUT they MEASURE EAST TO WEST *Longitude is always recorded second (136W) |
| Longitude is based on this: | Longitude is based on observations of the Sun |
| In what direction does the Earth rotate? | The Earth rotates West to East. 15 degrees per hour for 24 hours |
| In what direction does the Earth revolve? | The Earth revolves Counterclockwise. Takes 365 1/4 days to complete one revolution |
| In what direction does the Sun appear to rise and set? | The Sun appears to rise in the East and set in the West |
| Why does the moon have phases? | The moon has phases because the angle between the Earth and moon changes because the moon revolves around us. |
| What does Retrograde mean? | Retrograde means that the planets appear to go backwards as the Earth passes them in space. |
| When is the Summer Solstice? | The Summer Solstice is June 21st |
| When is the Winter Solstice? | The Winter Solstice is December 21st |
| When is the Spring Equinox? | The Spring Equinox is March 21st |
| When is the Autumnal Equinox? | September 23rd |
| How do stars appear to move around Polaris? | Stars appear to make a complete circle around Polaris (North Star) |
| What is Blue Shift? | Blue Shift is when an object is getting closer to Earth |
| What is Red Shift? | Red Shift is when an object is getting further away |
| What does Red Shift provide evidence of? | Red Shift provides evidence that the universe is still expanding |
| How many hours of day does the Equator have? | The Equator always has 12 hours of daylight |
| What kind of shadow does the Sun at a low altitude create? | The lower the altitude of the Sun, the longer the shadow it casts |
| What causes the Coriolis Effect? | The Coriolis Effect results from Earth's Rotation |
| When is Earth closest to the Sun? | Earth is closest to the Sun in the Winter |
| What is the relationship of Velocity and distance from the Sun? | The CLOSER the planet is to the Sun, the HIGHER the velocity. The FURTHER the planet is to the Sun, the SLOWER the velocity. |
| What is at one foci of an Ellipse? | The Sun is one foci of an Ellipse. There is nothing at the other foci. |
| What color and texture absorbs energy? | Black and rough |
| What color and texture reflects energy? | White and smooth |
| What happens to the apparent diameter of an object when it is closer to Earth? | The apparent diameter of an object gets larger the closer it gets to Earth |
| At what latitude do Vertical Rays (overhead Sun) occur? | Vertical Rays only occur at 23.5N and 23.5S |
| Give the following information about the Autumnal Equinox: Date Laitude of Sun's Direct Rays Direction of Sunrise and Sunset Altitude of Noon Sun Length of Daylight | Sept 23rd Equator (0) Rises DUE East and Sets DUE West 48 degrees 12hrs |
| Give the following information about theVernal Equinox: Date Laitude of Sun's Direct Rays Direction of Sunrise and Sunset Altitude of Noon Sun Length of Daylight | March 21st Equator (0) Rises DUE East and sets DUE West 48 degrees 12hrs |
| Give the following information about the Winter Solstice: Date Laitude of Sun's Direct Rays Direction of Sunrise and Sunset Altitude of Noon Sun Length of Daylight | Dec 21st Tropic of Capricorn (23.5S) Rises in SE and sets in SW 24.5 degrees 8 hours (shortest day) |
| Give the following information about the Summer Solstice: Date Laitude of Sun's Direct Rays Direction of Sunrise and Sunset Altitude of Noon Sun Length of Daylight | June 21st Tropic of Cancer (25.5N) Rises in NE and sets in NW 71.5 degrees 16 hours (longest day) |
| What is the Coriolis Effect? | Winds curve to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere due to Earth's rotation |
| Energy moves from what to what? | Energy moves from High to Low |
| In what direction does a High Pressure system move? | High Pressure system moves outward and clockwise |
| In what direction does a Low Pressure system move? | Low Pressure system moves inward and counterclockwise |
| Good absorbers of radiation are also good? | Good absorbers of radiation are also good radiators |
| When is the hottest part of the year in the Northern Hemisphere? | The hottest part of the year in the Northern Hemisphere is in July |
| At what time is the hottest part of the day? | The hottest part of the day is after 1pm |
| What is the relationship between temperature and air pressure? | Direct Relationship: As temperature increases, air pressure increases |
| What is the relationship between moisture (humidity) and air pressure? | Inverse Relationship: As moisture increases, air pressure decreases |
| Does air pressure increase or decrease with altitude? | Air pressure decreases with altitude *Inverse Relationship: As altitude increases, air pressure decreases |
| Describe a High Pressure System | Cool and dry air |
| Describe a Low Pressure System | Warm and moist air |
| Wind is the result of this: | Wind is the result of unequal heating of Earth's surface |
| What is wind named for? | Wind is named for the direction that it is coming from |
| Winds blow from areas of ______ pressure to areas of _____ pressure | Winds blow from areas of High pressure to areas of Low pressure |
| What happens when temperature and dewpoint are close together? | Greater chance for precipitation |
| In what direction does weather move in the United States? | Weather moves from West to East in the United States |
| What kind of weather occurs after a Cold Front passes? | The temperature and humidity decrease and the pressure rises |
| What kind of weather occurs after a Warm Front passes? | The temperature and humidiaty increase and the pressure decreases |
| How is an Occluded Front formed? | when a colder front overtakes a cold front |
| Which Front moves the fastest? | A cold front moves the fastest |
| What happens to air as it rises? | As air rises, it expands and cools |
| Porosity does NOT depend on this: | Porosity does not depend on particle size |
| Permeabiltiy increases with the increase of this: | Permeability increases with increased particle size |
| How does particle size affect Capillarity? | Capillarity increases when particle size decreases *Think of capillarity as a straw trying to pull pieces of rock up. Smaller particles will move through the straw, while larger pieces will not |
| What does Potential Evapotranspiration depend on? | Potential Evapotranspiration (Ep) depends on temperature |
| Bodies of water do this to temperature: | Bodies of water moderate the temperature |
| Most surface water runoff occurs because: | The soil is bare. Precipitation rate exceeds permeability rate. Soil is saturated. Slope of land is too great. |
| Chemical Weathering occurs best in: | Warm and humid climates |
| Physical Weathering occurs best in: | Cool and dry climates |
| What is the number one agent of erosion for NYS? | Running water |
| Where is velocity the greatest on a meander? | Velocity is greatest on the outside bend |
| What size particles settle first? | Large, round and dense particles |
| What is vertical sorting? | Biggest particles on the bottom |
| What is an Unconformity? | A buried erosion surface that represents a gap in the rock record |
Created by:
MsWallace
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