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Anatomy
Spines and systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Facial muscles | located subcutaneously, attach to bone/fascia of skull. Conveys emotions. orbicularis oris and oculi and buccinator |
| Facial muscle innervation | Cranial nerve 7 (facial cn) muscles of expression |
| skin of face innervation | Cranial nerve 5 (trigeminal cn) |
| Orbicularis oculi | muscle around eye orbital and palprebral parts. |
| orbicularis oris | muscles around mouth. produces puckering or whsitling, speech, mastication |
| buccinator | muscles in cheek, keep cheeks taut, active in smiling, mastication, whistling and sucking. |
| temporomandibular joint (TMJ) | 2 of them on each side of face. synovial joint contain mandible (condyle), temporal bone (mandibular fossa+ articular eminance (tubercle) and intra-articular disc. |
| Functions of TMJ | open and close mouth, chewing, talking, elevate, pro/retract jaw, lateral deviation. |
| mandible function | body: carries teeth, transmits force ramus: transmits forces, insertion of muscles that move jaw. |
| muscles of mastication | digastric, temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid |
| innervation of muscles of mastication | Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve. |
| digastric | opens mouth widely retract mandible |
| temporalis function | elevate mandible, retract mandible, counteract gravity on jaw, chewing softly |
| temporalis attachment sites | lateral surface of skull (temporal fossa) to coronoid process and anterior part of ramus of mandible. |
| masseter function | elevation of mandible, pulls mandible forward, biting, protract mandible |
| masseter attachments | zygomatic arch to ramus and angle of mandible |
| medial pterygoid functions | elevation of mandible, protract mandible |
| medial pterygoid attachments | medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate to ramus and angle of mandible |
| lateral pterygoid function | protract mandible, lateral deviation of mandible |
| vertebral column function | balance skull, support thoracic cavity, muscle attachment, protect spinal cord |
| cervical spine function | C1-C7. support and move skeleton, |
| thoracic spine function | T1-T12 suspend ribs, support thoracic cavity |
| Lumbar spine function | L1-L5 mobility between thorax and pelvis. |
| sacral spine function | S1-S5 bind vertebra to pelvis |
| coccygeal spine function | support pelvic floor |
| kyphosis | posterior curvature present in thoracic and sacral regions |
| lordotic curves | anterior curvature present in lumbar and cervical |
| vertebral body function | weight bearing/transmission |
| vertebral arch function | enclose spinal sord |
| pedicle function | transmit force between anterior and posterior elements, resist bending |
| laminae function | force transmission, form posterior wall of vertebral canal |
| spinous and transverse parts of vertebrae | muscle and ligament attachment sites |
| ring apophysis function | attachment of anulus fibrosus |
| transverse process function | leverage, muscle attachement |
| articular process function | guide and direct movement |
Created by:
sutle
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