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Carniege

ECG terms B-E

TermDefinition
Cardiac cycle One total heart beat (Contraction and Relaxation)
Cardiac output The amount of blood pumped by the heart per the minute
Cardiovascular Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
Cardiac sinus A slight dilation at the point where the internal carotid artery branches from the common carotid artery. The carotid sinus contains special nerve end organs which respond to a change in blood pressure by causing a change in the rate of the heart beat,
Chordae Tendinae Fibrous cords which serve as a guy ropes to hold the valves between the upper and lower chambers of the heart secure when forced closed by pressure of the in the lower chambers
Commissurotomy An operation to widen the opening in the heart valve which has become narrowed by scar tissue
Congestive heart failure (CHF) When the heart is unable to adequately pump out all the blood that returns to it, there is a backing up of blood in the veins leading to the heart
Coronary arteries Two arteries arising from the aorta, arching down over the to of the heart, and conducting blood to the heart muscle.
Coronary occlusion An obstruction (generally a blood clot) in a branch of one of the coronary arteries which hinders the flow of blood to some part of the heart muscle.
Coronary thrombosis Formation of a clot in a branch of one of the arteries which conduct blood to the heart muscle. A form of coronary occlusion
Cor Pulmonale Heart disease resulting from disease of the lungs or the blood vessels in the lungs. This is due to resistance to the passage of blood through the lungs.
Cyanosis Blueness of the skin caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood.
Decompensation Inability of the heart to maintain adequate circulation, usually resulting in a water logging of tissues.
Defibrillator Any Agent or measure such as an electric shock which stops an in coordinate contraction of the heart muscle and restores a normal heart beat
Dextrocardia Heart is slightly rotated and lies almost entirely in the right side of chest, or the left Chamber of the heart being on the right and the right chambers on the left so that the heart presents a mirror image of a normal heart.
digitalis A drug prepared from the leaves of the foxglove plant which strengthens the contraction of the heart muscle, slows the rate of contraction of the heart, and by improving the efficiency of the heart may eliminate the buildup of fluids in the body tissue
Dyspena Difficult or labored breathing
Edema Swelling due to abnormally large amounts of fluid in the tissues of the body
Electric cardiac pacemaker electric devise that can control the beating of the heart by rhythmic discharge of electrical impulses
Electrocardiogram EKG or ECG
Electrocardiograph An instrument which records electric currents produced by the heart
Electrolyte Any substance which, in solution is capable of conducting electricity by means of its atoms or groups of atoms and in the process is broken down into positively and negatively charged particles. Ex: sodium and potassium
Embolism The blocking of a blood vessel by a clot or other substance carried in the blood stream
Endocarditis inflammation of the inner layer of the heart (endocardium)usually associated with acute rheumatic fevers or some infectious agents.
Endocardium A thin, smooth membrane forming the inner surface of the heart
Epicardium the outer layer of the heart wall, also called visceral pericardium
Epinephrine Secretion also called adrenalin and sometimes prepared synthetically, constricts the small blood vessels(arterioles), increase the rate of the heartbeat, and raises blood pressure. it is called Vasoconstrictor or vasppressor
Erythrocyte Red blood cell
Essential hypertension Sometimes called primary hypertension, and commonly known as high blood pressured,
Etiology The sum of knowledge about the causes of a disease
Extracorporeal circulation The circulation of the blood outside the body as by a mechanical pump-oxygenator. This is often done while surgery is being performed inside heart.
Extrasystole A contraction of the heart which occurs prematurely and interrupts the normal rhythm.
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