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EMS Chapter23 Bleed
Emergency Care & Transp. 10th Edition 2011 Jones & Bartlett
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aorta | The main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body. |
| arterioles | The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries. |
| artery | A blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle that carries blood away from the heart. |
| capillaries | The small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules; various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid, and then on to the cells. |
| coagulate | To form a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding. |
| contusion | A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin. |
| ecchymosis | Bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin. |
| epistaxis | A nosebleed. |
| hematemesis | Vomited blood. |
| hematoma | A mass of blood in the soft tissues beneath the skin. |
| hemophilia | A congenital abnormality in which the body is unable to produce clots, which results in uncontrollable bleeding. |
| hemoptysis | Coughing up blood. |
| hemorrhage | Bleeding. |
| hypoperfusion | A condition that occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below that needed to maintain normal cellular functions; also called shock. |
| hypovolemic shock | A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion. |
| melena | Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood. |
| perfusion | Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet current needs of the cells. |
| pressure point | A point where a blood vessel lies near a bone. |
| shock | A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to enable every body part to perform its function; also called hypoperfusion. |
| tourniquet | The bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation; useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation. |
| vasoconstriction | Narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with hypoperfusion or cold extremeties. |
| veins | The blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart. |
| venules | Very small, thin-walled vessels. |
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