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EMS Chapter22 Trauma
Emergency Care & Transp. 10th Edition 2011 Jones & Bartlett
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| arterial air embolism | Air bubbles in the arterial blood vessels. |
| blunt trauma | An impact on the body by objects that cause injury without penetrating soft tissues or internal organs and cavities. |
| cavitation | A phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullet's path. |
| coup-contrecoup injury | Dual impacting of the brain into the skull; coup injury occurs at the point of impact; contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds. |
| deceleration | The slowing of an object. |
| drag | Resistance that slows a projectile, such as air. |
| Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score | An evaluation tool used to determine level of consciousness, which evaluates and assigns point values (scores) for eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, which are then totaled; effective in helping predict patient outcomes. |
| index of suspicion | Awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries may exist when determining the mechanism of injury. |
| kinetic energy | The energy of a moving object. |
| mechanism of injury (MOI) | The way in which traumatic injuries occur; the forces that act on the body to cause damage. |
| medical emergencies | Emergencies that require EMS attention because of illnesses or conditions not caused by an outside force. |
| multisystem trauma | Trauma that affects more than one body system. |
| penetrating trauma | Injury caused by objects, such as knives and bullets, that pierce the surface of the body and damage internal tissues and organs. |
| potential energy | The product of mass, gravity, and height, which is converted into kinetic energy and results in injury, such as from a fall. |
| projectile | Any object propelled by force, such as a bullet by a weapon. |
| pulmonary blast injuries | Pulmonary trauma resulting from short-range exposure to the detonation of explosives. |
| Revised Trauma Score (RTS) | A scoring system used for patients with head trauma. |
| trajectory | The path a projectile takes once it is propelled. |
| trauma emergencies | Emergencies that are the result of physical forces applied to a patient's body. |
| trauma score | A score that relates to the likelihood of patient survival with the exception of a severe head injury. It calculates a number from 1 to 16, with 16 being the best possible score. It takes into account the (GCS) score, respiratory rate, respiratory expans |
| tympanic membrane | The eardrum; a thin, semitransparent membrane in the middle ear that transmits sound vibrations to the internal ear by means of auditory ossicles. |
| work | The product of force times distance. |
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