click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics
Ch 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genetics | Study of Heredity |
Fertilization | Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell |
Trait | Specific characteristic of an individual |
True-breeding (pure) | Same as Homozygous |
Hybrid | Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
Segregation | Separation of alleles during gamete formation |
Independent Assortment | One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes |
Gametes | sex cell |
Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a particular gene |
Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for particular gene |
Phenotype | Physical characteristics of an organism |
Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism |
Dominant | The gene that always shows up |
Recessive | The gene that is hidden |
Allele | One of a number of different forms of a gene |
Incomplete Dominace | situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele |
Codominance | Situation in which the phenotype produced by both alleles are completely expressed |
Punnett Square | Diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
Multiple Allele Trait | A gene that has more than two alleles |
Polygenic Trait | Trait controlled by two or more genes |
Sex-linked Trait | Gene located on a sex chromosome |
Carrier | You carry the gene but you don't have the disease |
Autosome | Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome |