click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics
Chapter 10
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetics | Scientific study of heredity |
| Fertilization | Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell |
| Trait | specific characteristic of an individual |
| True-Breading | having two identical alleles for a particular gene |
| Hybrid | offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
| Segregation | separation of alleles during gamete formation |
| Independent Assortment | One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gamates |
| Gameters | sex cells |
| Homozygous | same as true breading |
| Heterozygous | same as hybrid |
| Phenotype | Physical characteristics of an organism |
| Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
| Dominant | Is the trait that is most likely to show up |
| Recessive | This hides behind the dominant trait |
| Allele | One of a number of different forms of a gene |
| Incomplete Dominance | situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele |
| Punnet Square | diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
| Multiple Allele Trait | a gene that has more than two alleles |
| Polygenic Trait | trait controlled by two or more genes |
| X-linked Trait | Gene located on a a sex chromosome |
| Carrier | You have the gene for the disease but don't have it |
| Autosome | chromosome that is not a sex chromosome: also called autosomal chromosome |