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Gappa 8th Chp 5
Gappa Earth: Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| most accurate scale we have to rate the magnitude of an earthquake; rates all types of earthquakes that are near or far | Moment Magnitude Scale |
| A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions | transform boundary |
| A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other | divergent boundary |
| A plate boundary where two plates move towards each other | convergent boundary |
| A scale that rates earthquakes according to how much damage they cause. | Mercalli Scale |
| A scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based only on seismograph readings. | Richter Scale |
| the process by which an earthquake’s violent shaking turns loose soil into liquid mud | liquefaction |
| a type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground; arrives first | P waves |
| a type of seismic wave that moves the ground side to side and up and down | S waves |
| a giant wave caused by an earthquake on the ocean floor | tsunami |
| changes in the earth's crust caused by stress | deformation |
| 2 things used to calculate the magnitude of an earthquake with Moment Magnitude Scale | seismograph readings and movement along the fault |
| 3 types of stress that cause deformation | compression, tension, shearing |
| What is the order in which seismic waves arrive? | First P waves, then S waves and last surface waves |
| Which types of seismic waves are the most violent? | surface waves |
| What are the three types of faults? | normal faults, reverse faults, strike slip faults |
| the hanging wall slides upwards | reverse fault |
| the hanging wall slides downward | normal fault |
| the hanging wall and footwall slip past each other in opposite directions | strike slip fault |
| How do scientist find the epicenter of an earthquake | use the difference in the arrival times of P waves and S waves at three different recording stations |
| the strength of an earthquake | magnitude |
| Are geologists able to predict earthquakes? | NO |
| measures the ground motion during an earthquake | seismograph |
| type of stress that pulls the rock apart and makes it thinner in the middle | tension |
| type of strees that pushes rock together, making it thicker in the middel | compression |
| type of stress the slides rock past each other in opposite directions | shearing |
Created by:
edeboo
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