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namyel-ch 22- muscle
namyel -A&P 1 muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| muscles make up what percentage of total body weight? | about 42% |
| fascia | fiborous sheath that holds muscle fiber together, covers the entire skeletal muscle and seperates muscles from one another |
| predominant function of muscles | contractability |
| three other functions of muscles | Tonicity, stability, heat production |
| Most all movement in the body is the result of? | muscle contraction |
| three different types of muscles are? | Smooth, Skeletal and cardiac |
| Smooth muscle is involved in what type of of motion? | Involuntary |
| What is involuntary movement? | Movement that can not be conciously controlled. |
| Cardiac muscle is found where? | In the heart |
| Skeletal muscles control what type of movement? | Voluntary |
| What is the composition of muscle? | 75% water, 20% protein and about 5 % of lipids, carbohydrates, and salts |
| what does ATP stand for? | Adenosine triphosphate |
| what is ATP? | type of chemical energy muscles need for sustained or repeated muscle contractions |
| What is glycogen? | Stored supply of energy for muscles |
| What is oxygen debt? | The amount of oxygen the body needs to recover from a high level of activity |
| what is the result of lactic acid build up in the muscles? | Muscle fatigue and cramps |
| Epimysium | thin covering surrounding the muscle |
| Tendons | the end part of the muscle that attaches it to the bone |
| Aponeurosis | wide sheet like tendon that attaches muscle to other muscle |
| Perimysium | connective tissue that divides muscle into fascicles |
| Endomysium | covering that surrounds the individual muscle cell |
| What attachment is more fixed, the origin or the insertion of muscle? | The origin |
| What is the origin | Attachment of muscle to a bone that does not move |
| What is the insertion? | Attachment of muscle to a moving bone |
| Three types of skeletal muscle units | Antagonist, Prime mover, Synergist |
| Antagonist | muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle |
| Prime mover | Muscle that produces the primary muscle contraction in a movement |
| Synergist | muscle that acts with another muscle to produce movement |
| What is a sprain? | stretching or tearing of a ligament |
| What is a strain? | a twisting or pulling of a muscle or tendon |
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