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Pulmonary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Blood O2/Hb Content | 1g Hb=1.34 mL O2 |
Alveolar Gas Equation | PAO2 = 150-PaCO2/.8 |
VENTILATION Obstruction & PO2 | Doesn't improve w/100% O2 |
PERFUSION Obstruction & PO2 | Does improve w/100% O2 |
Reid Index | Gland Depth/Bronchial wall depth. >50% -> Chronic Bronchitis |
COPD PFTs | Low Forced Vital Capacity, Very Low FEV1 -> Reduced FEV1/FVC Ratio. |
Restrictive Lung Diseases | Bleomycin(Armstrong), Bisulfan, Amiodarone. Polio, MG, Scoliosis, ARDS, Neonatal RDS, Sarcoid, Pneumoconiosis. Wegner's, Goodpasture's, |
Charcot-Leyden crystals | Bronchial asthma sputum findings. In addition to Curschmann spirals |
IFN-Gamma | Produced by macrophages -> Vascular leak-> Leukocyte recruitment & Septic shock |
Thromboxane A2 | Powerful platelet aggregator & vasoconstrictor. Antagonized by PGI2 |
LTC,D & E | Vaso & broncoconstrictors, increase capilary permeability. Slow reacting substanc eof anaphylaxis |
R= | R=8nl/pi x r^4 |
LTB, HETE | neutrophil chemoattractant |
Churg Strauss | Zafirlukast-associated. Peripheral eosinophilia, pulm infiltrates, myocarditis |
IL-4 & IL-13 | TH2: Induce B cells to produce IgE |
Transformation "competent" bacteria | Pneumococcus, H Flu, N Meningitidis |
Scleroderma | #1) Diffuse Scleroderma-rapidly progressive. Anti-Scl-70 AB #2) CREST Syndrome-Calcinosis, Raynauds, Esophageal dysmotility, Scerodactyly, Telangiectasia. More benign. Anticentromere AB |
Anti-Centromere AB | CREST Syndrome |
Vitamin A | (Retinol) Def: Night blindness & Dry sin. Ex: Arthralgias, skin changes, sore throat, alopecia. In leafy veggies. Pyrazinamide -> A deficiency |
Interstitial Pneumonia | Viruses (RSV,Adeno), Chlamydia, Leigonella, mycoplasma |
Bronchopneumonia | S. Aureus & Pyogenes, Klebsiella, H. Flu |