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Forensic Serology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
serology | study of blood |
blood | refers to a highly complex mixture of cells, enzymes, proteins, and inorganic substances |
plasma | fluid portion of blood |
erythrocytes | red blood cells |
leukocytes | white blood cells |
platelets | solid materials in the plasma |
antigens | usually proteins, are located on the surface of red blood cells and are responsible for blood-type characteristics |
55 | blood is ?% plasma |
45 | blood is ?% cellular components |
away | the main arteries carry blood _______ the heart |
to | veins carry blood _________ the heart |
blood pressure provided by the heart pumping fluid around | blood spurts out from the arteries and veins because ? |
bone marrow | blood cells formed in the ? |
die | blood cells never ? |
white blood cells | immune system |
red blood cells (no nucleus/DNA) | oxygen |
A-B-O and Rh systems | blood typing |
Karl Landsteiner | discovered A-B-O and Rh |
D antigen | Rh factor is determined by the presence of ? |
serum | liquid that separates from the blood when clotting |
Kastle-Meyer | uses H2O2 + phenolphthalein to produce a bright pink color in the detection of peroxidase activity in the blood |
leucomalachite green | dropped on the suspected blood stain. a positive blood result will immediately turn the swab greenish-blue |
tetramethylbenzidine | test by placing drops on a suspected stain. a positive reaction is indicated by an intense blue color |
luminol | used in investigation tv shows. involves spraying the chemical onto the suspected blood stain and viewing it in total darkness |
luminol | capable of detecting bloodstains diluted up to 300,000 times |
preciptin test | indicates which species the blood belongs to |
width/length then take the inverse sin | arcsin |
travel | narrow end of a blood drop will point in the direction of ? |
point of origin | if you have more than one drop, the ? can be determined |
acid phosphatase | enzyme present in high concentrations of semen |
oligospermia | abnormally low sperm count |
aspermia | absence of sperm or sterility |
Locard's Exchange Principle | theres always some evidence left behind |
4-6 hours | sperm can survive up to ? in the vaginal cavity |
3 days | nonmotile sperm may be found up to ? |
48 hrs | acid phosphatase can be detected up to ? |