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Chapter 18
Question | Answer |
---|---|
volcanism | describes all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, and gases. |
hot spot | unusually hot regions of Earth's mantle where high-temperature plus fo magma rise |
flood basal | form when lava flows out of long cracks in earth's crust |
fissure | are crakes |
conduit | lave reaches the surface by traveling through a tubelike structure |
vent | emerges through an opening |
crater | a bowl-shaped depresssion |
caldera | can be up to 50 km in diameter |
shield volcano | a mountain with broad, gently sloping sides and a nearly circular base |
cinder cone | form as this material called tephra, falls back to Earth and piles up around the vent |
composite volcano | formed of layers of harden chunks of lava from violent eruptions alternating with layers of lava that oozed down slope before solidifying |