Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
DNA - RNA Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are three aspects that are controlled by DNA? | 1. A genes ability to easily copy itself. 2. The transfer of information from generation to generation. 3. Certain traits and how they are inherited. |
| What are the three components of a nucleotide? | 1. Nitrogenous base 2. 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose or ribose) 3. Phosphate group |
| Describe the structure of a purine. | Has 2 rings |
| Describe the structure of a pyrimidine. | Has 1 ring |
| What is the structure of a double helix? | Double stranded molecule that resembles a twisted ladder |
| Who discovered the double helix shape of DNA? | Watson and Crick |
| What holds together the two strands of a DNA molecule? | Hydrogen bonds |
| What bases pair together? | A with T and G with C |
| Why do certain bases pair together? | Hydrogen bonds can only form between specific bases. |
| What is a protein that DNA tightly coils around called? | Histone |
| What is a nucleosome? | The combination of DNA and the protein/histone it coils around. |
| How is chromatin formed? | Chromatin is formed when many nucleosomes come together to create thick fibers. |
| The process of DNA making copies of itself is known as what? | DNA replication |
| What is the enzyme that 'unzips' the DNA molecule in order for replication to begin? | DNA helicase |
| What does DNA polymerase do? | Joins nucleotides together before proofreading the new strands during DNA replication. |
| What is the importance of protein? | It is important in the growth, repair, and development of an organism. |
| What are the three differences between DNA and RNA? | 1. RNA is single stranded 2. RNA has a uracil base instead of thymine 3. RNA 's 5-Carbon sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose |
| What does mRNA do? | Copies the information/instructions of DNA and carries the message to the ribosomes |
| What does rRNA do? | Found in the ribosomes and helps with protein assembly |
| Which type of RNA helps to transfer amino acids to the polypeptide by decoding the instructions? | tRNA |
| What is the type of gene that controls differentiation of cells or tissues in an organism? | hox gene |
| What is something that can happen to an organism that has a mutation on a hox gene? | The organs or body parts can develop completely wrong within the body. |
| What is the process where RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the DNA sequence? | Transcription |
| What does RNA polymerase do? | Binds to DNA and separates part of the strand in order for transcription to begin. |
| What is a part of the DNA sequence that DOES NOT code for proteins known as? | intron |
| What is an exon? | A part of the DNA sequence that codes for proteins |
| What is a three letter word that consists of three nucleotides in a row? | codon |
| Why is a codon important? | It specifies a specific amino acid |
| What is translation? | The decoding of instructions that were carried on the mRNA |
| Where does translation take place? | On the ribosomes |
| What is the term for when cells become specialized in structure and function? | Differentiation |
| When a cell makes a mistake while copying its DNA, what does it cause? | A mutation |
| What kind of mutation involves the loss of all, or part of, a chromosome? | Deletion |
| What mutation involves parts of a chromosome breaking off and attaching to another chromosome? | Translocation |
| A mutation that involves a change in one or a few nucleotides is known as what? | Point mutation |
| A mutation that involves a change where a base is either 'inserted' or 'deleted' is known as what? | Frameshift mutation |
| When extra parts of a chromosome is produced, this is known as why type of mutation? | Duplication |
| When a part of a chromosome is reverses its direction, it is known as what? | Inversion |
| During translation, before tRNA can read the instructions, what does it need to find? | A start codon |
| How would a tRNA molecule know that it was time to stop translation? | It comes to a stop codon |
| Where in the cell would mRNA bring the instructions that it copied, so that the instructions could be translated? | Ribosomes |
| What types of bonds form between the amino acids of a polypeptide chain? | Peptide bonds |
| If I have a DNA strand, ACCGTAGTCTAAGCAAGTC, what would its complimentary DNA strand look like? | TGGCATCAGATTCGTTCAG |
| If I have a DNA strand, CGTCGAAGGCTAGCTAAG, what would its complimentary RNA strand look like? | GCAGCUUCCGAUCGAUUC |
| Given the RNA strand GCAGCUUCCGAUCGAUUC, how many codons would you translate from this strand? | Six (6) |
Created by:
ksobrie
Popular Biology sets