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WHS Bio Final - 9th
WHS Bio Final Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the population initially grows at an exponential rate until it is limited by some factor; then, the population enters a slower growth phase and eventually stabilizes | logistic growth |
| An extremely rapid increase, e.g., in the rate of population growth. | exponential rate |
| Type of cell that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and has no membrane organelles; does not have a nucleus | prokaryote |
| A type of cell found in many organisms including single-celled protists and multicellular fungi, plants, and animals; characterized by a membrane-bounded nucleus and other membraneous organelles; has a nucleus | eukaryote |
| Diffusion across a plasma membrane in which the cell expends no energy | passive transport |
| Transport of molecules against a concentration gradient (from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration) with the aid of proteins in the cell membrane and energy from ATP | active transport |
| A solution having a low concentration of solute | hypotonic |
| A solution having a high concentration of solute | hypertonic |
| Term applied to two solutions with equal solute concentrations | isotonic |
| process of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half | meiosis |
| process in which a cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus, into two identical sets in two daughter nuclei. | mitosis |
| A reproductive cell having the haploid number of chromosomes, especially a mature sperm or egg capable of fusing with a gamete of the opposite sex to produce the fertilized egg. | gametes |
| A cell that is not or will not become a gamete; the cells of the body. | somatic cells |
| Membrane-enclosed organelles containing digestive enzymes | lysosomes |
| Organelles in animal cells composed of a series of þattened sacs that sort, chemically modify, and package proteins produced on the rough endoplasmic reticulum; processes, sorts and delivers proteins | golgi body |
| The largest, most prominent organelle in eukaryotic cells; the control center of a cell, which contains the cell's chromosomal DNA | nucleus |
| complexes of RNA and protein that are found in all cells; the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell; they are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains. | ribosomes |
| Known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system that takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy for the cell | mitochondria |
| An animal that gets its energy from eating plants, and only plants | herbivore |
| Animal that eats other animals and plants | omnivore |
| Species which colonizes previously uncolonized land, usually leading to ecological succession | pioneer species |
| Extensive treeless plain between the taiga to the south and the permanent ice to the north. Much of the soil remains frozen in permafrost, and grasses and other vegetation support herds of large grazing mammals | tundra |
| The region of coniferous forest extending across much of northern Europe, Asia, and North America; characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers and by acidic, thin soil | taiga |
| The process by which plant cells use solar energy to produce ATP. The conversion of unusable sunlight energy into usable chemical energy, associated with the actions of chlorophyll | photosynthesis |
| The transfer of energy from various molecules to produce ATP; occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes, the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. In the process, oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is generated | cellular respiration |
| Of or having to do with life or living organisms | biotic |
| Not living, non-biological, usually describing factors in an ecosystem such as atmospheric gases, inorganic salts, mineral soil particles, and water | abiotic |
| An organism, often a bacterium or fungus, that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter, thus making organic nutrients | decomposer |
| An animal, such as a bird or insect, that feeds on prey, dead or decaying matter | scavenger |
Created by:
Harper
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