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Science 2
Question | Answer |
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Fold Mountain | A mountain made up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together. |
Fault-block Mountain | A mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated from surrounding rocks by faults. |
Weathering | The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by natural processes. |
Erosion | The picking up and removal of rock particles. |
Soil | A mixture of weathered rock, decaying plant and animal material, living things, air, and water. |
Humus | Material in soil formed by the breaking down of dead plant and animal material. |
Soil Horizon | Any of the layers of soil from the surface to the bedrock below. |
Groundwater | Water that soaks into soil and rock by collecting in spaces between rock particles. |
Mass Wasting | The downhill movement of Earth material caused by gravity. |
Depostion | The dropping off of sediment. |
Glacier | A huge sheet of ice and snow that moves slowly over the land. |
Till | A jumble of many sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier. |
Moraine | A deposit of many sizes of sediment in front of or along the sides of a glacier. |
Mineral | A naturally occuring solid in Earth's crust with a definite structure and compostion. |
Igneous Rock | A rock that forms when hot, liquid lava cools and hardens into a soild. |
Sedimentary Rock | A rock that forms from pieces of other rocks that are squeezed or cemented together. |
Metamorphic Rock | A rock that forms from another kind of rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or a chemical reaction. |
Rock Cycle | Rocks continually changing from one kind of rock to another in a never-ending process. |
Superposition | The idea that in a series of rock layers, the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest. |
Relative Age | The age of a rock as compared with another rock. |
Geologic Column | A listing of Earth's rock layers in order from oldest to youngest. |
Fossil | Any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing preserved in Earth's crust. |
Index Fossil | The remains of a living thing that was widespread but lived for a short part in Earth's history. |
Half-life | The time it takes for half the mass of a radioactive element in a rock to break apart, or decay, into other elements. |
Absolute Age | The age of a rock in years as determined by measuring the decay rate of its radioactive elements. |
Era | One of the fur long stretches of time in Earth's history: from the earliest Precambrian era, through the Paleozoic era and Mesozoic era, to the current Cenozoic era. |