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Chapter 8
Vocab
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Fold Mountain | A mountain made up mostly of rock layers folded by being squeezed together |
Fault-block Mountain | A mountain made by huge tilted blocks of rocks separated by surrounding rocks by faults |
Weathering | The breaking down of rock fragments |
Erosion | The picking up and removal of rocks |
Soil | The end result of weathering |
Humus | A material produced by the breaking down of plant and animal remains |
Soil Horizon | Distinct layers of soil |
Ground Water | Water that soaks into the soil and rock |
Mass Wasting | Downhill movement of Earths material caused by gravity |
Deposition | The dropping off of sediment |
Glacier | Moving sheets of ice sediment decompisition |
Till | A jumble of many sizes by a glacier |
Moraine | A decomposition of many sizes of sediment in front of or to the sides of a glacier |
Mineral | A naturally occurring solid in Earths crust with a definite structure and decomposition |
Metamorphic Rock | When one kind of rock turns into a different kind of rock |
Sedimentary Rock | A rock that forms from other pieces of rock that are squeezed or cemented together |
Igneous Rock | A rock formed from cooled lava |
Rock Cycle | The process in which one kind of rock turns into another |
Superposition | The idea that the bottom layer is the oldest and the top layer is the youngest |
Relative Age | The age of a rock as compared to another rock |
Geologic Column | A listing of Earths rock layers of oldest to youngest |
Fossil | Any trace, imprint, or remains of a living thing in Earths crust |
Index Fossil | The remainders of a living thing that was widespread but only lived for a short period in Earths history |
Half-life | The time it takes for half a radioactive element in a rock to break apart, or decay into another element |
Absolute Age | The age of a rock in years, as determined by measuring its decay rate of its radioactive elements |
Era | One of the 4 long stretches in Earths history |