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Vertebrate Test

QuestionAnswer
Chordate An animals that at some time in its life had gill slits and a nerve cord.
Gill Slits Slit-like openings between the body cavity and the outside of the body. Only present in early stages of life.
Notochord A flexible rod that extends along the length of the developing organism.
What happens to one end of the nerve chord in most chordates? It turns into the brain
Vertebrates are the largest... Group of chordates
Endo means... With in
The vertebrae, skull, and other bones... Support and protect internal organs.
Ectotherm A cold-blooded animal
Endotherm A warm-blooded animal
Cold-blooded An animal whose temperature changes with its enviroment
Warm-blooded An animal whose temperature is constant.
Fish are the largest group of... Vertabrates
Fish have... Gills
Gills Fleshy filaments used to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.
Most fish have pairs of... Fan-like fins
The side fins... Steer
The top and bottom fin... Stabilize the fish.
The tail fin... Moves the fish.
Scales Thin Structures on a fish made out of bony like material that overlap each other like shingles on a house.
What are Three groups fish are classified as? Bony, Cartilaginous, and Jawless
Bony fish have... Skeletons made out of bones
Jawless and cartilaginous fish have... Skeletons made out of cartilage
Cartilage Tough flexible material like bone except less brittle and softer.
95% of fish... Are bony
Goldfish, Trout, and Marlins Are bony fish
Most bony fish have a... Swim bladder
Swim Bladder An air sac that controls the depth of the fish.
Fish use......for reproduction External fertilization
Lamprey are... Jawless fish
Jawless fish have.... Long scaleless, tubelike bodies and an endorse letdown made out of cartilage plus a round, muscular mouth without a jaw.
Lampreys get nutrients by... Using their tongue to scrape a host fish skin and drink their blood.
Skates, Sharks, and Rays are... Cartilaginous fish
Cartilaginous fish have... Rough, sandpaper-like scales and movable jaws.
Many sharks have... Sharp teeth made from modified scales.
Most cartilaginous fish are... Predators.
Amphibians live.. On land and in water.
Some amphibians are. Frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders.
Amphibious means... Double life
Amphibians can survive in... Many different enviroments
Amphibians are Ectotherms
Amphibians can... Hibernate and estivate
Hibernate A cold weather inactivity
Estivation A hot weather inactivity
Amphibians have Strong endoskeletons
Adult Amphibians have... Lungs
Since amphibians have a three chambered heart... Good and bad blood mixes which makes less oxygen available
Adult amphibians can... Exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen through their skin which increases the oxygen supply
Amphibians have.... Hearing adapted for land and big eyes
Most Young Amphibians go through... Metamorphosis
Amphibians use... To reproduce External fertilization
Amphibian eggs are laid... In water
Amphibian larvae... Are dependent on water
Amphibian larvae don't have... Legs but they do have gills
Most amphibians reproduce In lakes or ponds
Some reptiles are Snakes, Lizards, Turtles, and Crocodiles
Reptiles are... Ectothermic and have dry, scaly skin.
Most reptiles spend their entire lives... On land
Turtles are... Animals with a hard shell that can be withdrawn for protection.
Turtles eat... Worms, insects, fish, and plants
Alligators and crocodiles are... Predators that live in or near water.
Lizards and Snakes are... The largest group of reptiles.
Lizards and Snakes have... A highly developed sense of smell. An organ on the mouth senses molecules collected by the tongue. This explains the in and out motion of the tongue.
Lizards have... Eyelids, ears, and most have legs with clawed toes.
Snakes don't have... Eyelids, ears, or legs.
Instead of hearing snakes... Sense vibrations on the ground.
One reptile adaption is...(skin) Thick, dry, waterproof skin covered in scales that reduce water loss and prevent injuries.
All reptiles have... Lungs
Two adaptions that reptiles use for reproduction is.... Internal fertilization and an amniotic egg.
Amniotic Egg An egg that encloses the embryo within a moist enviroment protected by a shell and has a yolk that supplies the embryo with food.
When eggs hatch, young reptiles... Are fully developed
Birds are... Endothermic animals with two wings, two legs, and a beak or bill.
Most birds are... Covered with feathers.
Birds lay... Hard shelled eggs that they sit on to keep them warm until they hatch.
Besides fish, birds.. Are the most numerous vertabrates on earth.
Birds are streamline and... Have strong yet light skeletons.
Since flying requires a rigid tail a bird's... Vertabrae and tail are joined together to provide all the rigidty, strength, and stability it needs.
Flight requires... A lot of energy and oxygen.
Birds eat... Insects, nectar, fish, meats, and other high energy foods.
Birds have a... Large, efficient heart and specialized lungs.
A Bird's lungs are connected... To air sacs that provide a constant supply of oxygen typo the blood and this makes the bird more lightweight.
Wing Shape, surface area, air speed, and angle combine with wing movements... Make flight possible.
The two types of feathers for birds are... Contour and down feathers.
Contour Feathers
Created by: NerdyAngel
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