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Vertebrate Zoology
Testudines (Turtles)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Location of Turtles | Everywhere but Antarctica |
| Two Lineages of Turtles | Cryptodira (can retract head) and Pleurodira (can't retract head) |
| Skulls of Turtles | Anapsid (no hole behind the eye) in contract to mammals/synapsids (one hole behind the eye) and reptiles/diapsids (two holes behind the eyes); First thought to diverge before holes, not the evolution of no holes happened independently |
| Shells of Turtles | Carapace dorsal shield with fused ribs and dermal bone sheets; Plastron ventral bony plate; Keratinized epidermal scutes to strengthen suture zones on bony plates; Heavy, lack mobility, no costal pump because ribs can't move |
| Respiration of Turtles | Serratus/Abdominal Oblique contraction gives more space for lungs for inhalation; Transverse Abdominis/Pectoralis contractions gives less space for lungs for exhalation; 2 times the energy exerted; Low energy levels, body temp, and MR |
| Body Temperature Regulation or Turtles | Basking; Muscle contractions; Digestion and nutrients; Body growth; Egg production; Vitamin D activation; In range of cool down area for optimal temperature; Bigger bodies take longer to heat up/cool down |
| Social Interactions of Turtles | Can be very social, with complex mating rituals |
| Reproduction of Turtles | Oviparous with no parental care; Eggs must be moist; Temperature dependent sex determination |
Created by:
LionsandGiants
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