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6th Unit 2

Earth, Moon & Sun Key Terms

TermDefinition
axis An imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and North and South poles, about which Earth rotates.
rotation The spinning motion of a planet about its axis
revolution The movement of an object around another object
orbit The path of an object as it revolves around another object in space
latitude The distance north or south from the equator, measured in degrees
solstice The two days of the year on which the noon sun is directly overhead at either 23.5 degrees South or 23.5 degrees North
vernal equinox The day of the year that marks the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere.
autumnal equinox The day of the year that marks the beginning of fall in the Northern Hemisphere.
phase of the moon One of the different shapes of the moon as seen from the earth
eclipse The partial or total blocking of one object by another
solar eclipse The blocking of sunlight to Earth that occurs when the moon is between the sun and Earth.
umbra The darkest part of a shadow
penumbra The part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part
lunar eclipse The blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and moon.
tide The daily rise and fall of Earth's waters on shores
new moon The phase of the moon occurring when it passes between the earth and the sun and is invisible or visible only as a narrow crescent at sunset.
full moon The moon when it is visible as a fully illuminated disk.
first quarter moon The phase of the moon which is most easily spotted by the casual observer. You see the moon in this phase in the south as the Sun sets.
third quarter moon Three weeks after the new moon, we again can see half of the illuminated part. This is usually called third quarter, or last quarter moon.
waning crescent a crescent moon moving towards a new moon
waxing crescent a crescent moon moving towards a full moon
waning gibbous more than half, but less than fully illuminated, and moving towards a new moon
waxing gibbous more than half, but less than fully illuminated, and moving towards a full moon
Created by: darrin_evans
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