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Vocab for final

Unit 7 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Inertia An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.
Action-reaction "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."
Force Any push or pull.
Pressure Force acting on a given area.
Elastic limit The amount of pressure an object can withstand and still return to its orginal shape.
Fault A fracture within the Earth where rock movement occurs.
Normal fault Tension-the rocks are moving apart.
Reverse fault Compression-the rocks push or press togetger.
Strike-slip fault Shearing-the rocks slide past each other.
Compression wave Matter is squeezed together. ex: accordion.
Transverse wave Matter moves at right angles to the direction the wave is moving.
seismic wave waves generated by earthquakes.
focus the point inside the Earth where seismic waves orginate. (5-700 km below surface)
primary wave AKA, compression waves. Travel faster and arrive first.
secondary wave AKA, transverse waves. Travel slower and arrive second.
epicenter Point on Earth's surface directly above the focus.
surface wave waves generated when seismic waves reach the surface.
vent Openings on the surface of the Earth where magma flows out.
calm eruption thin magma, almost water-like. Magma is released gently and magma flows out of vent.
violent eruption thick magma, like syrup. Clogs vent causing a buildup of pressure and sudden release causes magma to erupt explosively.
shield volcano gentle slope, formed from hot, thin lava. No violent eruptions and lava erupts out of more than one vent.
cinder cone As and cooled lava form a steep cone. Leave a single vent and has violent eruptions.
composite cone Steep-sided mountains. Alternates gentle and explosive eruptions. Formed from flowing and hardened lava, and ash.
Created by: zustalexandra
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