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Book F, Chapter 5

Earthquakes

TermDefinition
fault surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break
earthquake vibrations produced by the breaking of rock along a fault
normal fault break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface
reverse fault break in rock caused by compressive forces, where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface
strike-slip fault break in rock caused by shere forces, where rocks move pst each other without much vertical movement
seismic waves wave generated by an earthquake
focus in an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves
primary waves seismic wave that moves rock particles back and forth in the same direction that the wave travels
secondary waves seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of the wave
surface waves seismic wave the moves rock particles up and down in a backward rolling motion and side to side in a swaying motion
epicenter point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
seismograph instrument used to register earthquake waves and reocrd the time that each arrived
magnitude measure of the energy released during an earthquake
liquefaction occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake
tsunamis seismic wave that begins over an earthquake focus and be highly destructive when it crashes on shore
Created by: tferraro
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