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Muscle system
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Epimysium | Exterior collagen layer.Separates muscle from surrounding tissue |
Perimysium | Surrounds muscle fiber bundles (fascicles) Contains blood vessel and nerve supply to fascicles |
endomysium | surrounds the individual muscle cells (muscle fibers)Contains capillaries and nerve fibers containing muscle cells. Contains satellite cells (stem cells) that repair damage |
Tendon | A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone. |
Muscle fibers | muscle tissue |
Myoblast | muscle fibor |
Sarcoplasm | the cytoplasm of the strained muscle fiber |
Transverse Tubules | any of the small tubules which run transversely through a striated muscle fiber and through which electrical impulses are transmitted from the sacoplasm to the fibers interior |
Action Potential | a shot lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential of the cell rapidly rises and falls |
Myofilaments | filaments of the myofibrils constructed from proteins |
Thin filaments | a myofilament of the two types making up myofibrils |
Thick filaments | one of the contractile elements in skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle fibers |
sarcoplasmic reticulum | a system of membrane tubules that surrounds muscle fibrils, releasing calcium ions during contraction and absorbing them during relaxation |
Triad | The junction between t tubules and the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the striated |
Cisternae | a sac or partially closed space containing body fluid, esp lymph or cerebrospinal fluid |
sarcomes | One of a group of tumors usually arising from connective tissue. |
myofibrils | are filaments of the proteins myosin and actin; these filaments slide past one another as the muscle contracts and expands. |
striated | muscle tissue that has repeating sarcomeres, in contrast with smooth muscle tissue. Specifically, striated muscles are Skeletal striated muscle Branchiomeric muscle (embryologically different from skeletal muscle) Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) |
Troponin | Troponin is a complex of three regulatory proteins (troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T) that is integral to muscle contraction in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle. |
Tropomyosin | s a two-stranded alpha-helical coiled coil protein found in cell cytoskeletons. |
Active site | a small port in an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction. This chemical reaction occurs when a substrate collides with and slots into the active site of an enzyme |
Actn | the most abundant protein in most eukaryotic cells. It is highly conserved and participates in more protein-protein interactions than any known protein |
Myosin | ATP dependent also know for their muscle contractions. large superfamily of motor proteins that move along actin filaments, |
Neuromuscular junction | connects the nervous system to the muscular system via synapses between efferent nerve fibers and muscle fibers, also known as muscle cells. |
sarcolemma | the cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell. |