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PVES Week 9
Rocks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three main types of rocks? | metamorphic, sedimentary, igneous |
| Which type of rock is formed due to pressure and heat within the earth? | metamorphic |
| Which type of rock is formed when magma form a volcano cools and hardens on the earth's surface? | igneous |
| Which type of rock is formed when smaller parts of older rocks become cemented together? | sedimentary |
| Rocks are classified by how they are___________. | formed |
| Which type of rock are fossils often found? | sedimentary rocks |
| The earth's outer layer is formed mostly of ___________rock. | igneous |
| _____________is the breaking down of a rock into smaller pieces of rock.l | weathering |
| Scientists use which method to determine the age of rocks contain fossils? | carbon 14 dating |
| What is the molten rock that rises and explodes form within a volcano? | magma |
| The ________ _________ is the process of one type of rock transforming into a different type of rock. | rock cycle |
| What tool do scientists use to help classify rocks? | classification key |
| How old do they believe planet Earth is, approximately? | 4.6 billion years |
| What are the preserved remains of an ancient plant or animal found in rocks? | fossil |
| What do scientists use to get information about past life on Earth and the age of rocks? | fossils |
| What is the gradual wearing or washing away of soil and rock by glaciers, water, or wind? | erosion |
| What four types of fragments can weathering produce? | sediment, clay, sand, rock |
| What is a solid, nonliving substance made up of elements and found within the earth? | mineral |
| Large, continent-size slabs of the earth's crust and mantle are called- | plates |
| The theory that Earth's crust and mantle move across the earth's surface is- | plate tectonics |
| A ___________ boundary is where the earth's plates move horizontally past one another. | transforming or sliding |
| A________boundary is where the earth's plates come together. | convergent |
| A__________boundary is where the earth's plates separate. | divergent |
| A __________is a boundary of the earth's plates. | fault |
| When two plates meet at a fault, the earth's surface stretches and compress. This event causes- | an earthquake |
| At a convergent boundary, one plate slips beneath another plate and begins to melt. This process forms a- | volcano |
| At a convergent boundary, one plate slips beneath another plate and begins to melt. This process forms a- | volcano |
| At a convergent boundary, the edges of two plates can begin to buckle up and over time, form a- | mountain |
| What is formed when two plates move apart and magma form the earth fills the space between the plates? | mid-ocean ridge |
| Scientists believe that the continents have moved over earth's surface over time to their present positions. The theory is- | continental drift |
| What is the outermost, thinnest layer of the Earth? | crust |
| What is the middle layer of the Earth? | mantle |
| What is the solid center of the Earth? | inner core |
| What is the liquid layer of Earth? | outer core |
| Which tow layers of the Earth are made up rocky material? | crust, mantle |
| Which two elements make up the majority of the Earth's core? | iron, nickel |
| At a convergent boundary, the edges of two plates can begin to buckle up and over time, form a- | mountain |
| What is formed when two plates move apart and magma form the earth fills the space between the plates? | mid-ocean drift |
| Scientists believe that the continents have moved over the earth's surface over time to their present positions. This theory is- | continental drift |
| What is the outermost, thinnest layer of the Earth? | crust |
| What is the middle layer of the Earth? | mantle |
| What is the solid center of the Earth? | inner core |
| What is the liquid layer of the Earth? | outer core |
| Which two layers of Earth are made up rocky material? | crust, mantle |
| Which two elements make up the majority of the Earth's core? | iron, nickel |
| What kind of energy causes movement of materials within the Earth? | thermal |
| _______ _________ causes the slow movement of Earth's plates. | thermal energy |
| ____________is when weathered materials are deposited(placed) in a new location. | deposition |
| Geological features in ocean(trenches and ridges) and continents are caused by_______movement. | plate |
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pves
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