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Duke PA Onc ph class

Duke PA Pharm oncology drug classification

QuestionAnswer
EX. Carboplatin, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, oxaliplatin. alklyation of DNA is the crucial cytotoxic reaction. Cell cycle non-specific but most toxic to rapidly dividing cells. SE-NV (cisplatin) Alkylating agents
Ex. capecitabine, cytarabine, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, methotrexate. Cell cycle specific. Inhibit growth & proliferation by competing for binding sites on enzymes & incorporation into DNA or RNA. Antimetabolites
Ex. bleomycin, doxorubicin, epirubicin. Cell cycle non-specific. Binds to DNA causing breakage, & inhibits RNA synthesisSE-pulmonary toxicity (bleomycin), cardiac toxicity (doxorubicin) Antitumor antibiotics
Paclitaxel,docetaxel. G2 and M phases. Inhibits mitosis b/c of antimicrotubule effect. Plant alkyloid. SE-hypersensitivity, neurologic toxicities Taxanes
Irinotecan, topotecan. S phase. Topoisomerase-I inhibition, resulting in DNA breakage.Plant alkyloid Camptothecins
etoposide, teniposidepre-mitotic G2 & S phasesTopoisomerase-II inhibitor causing DNA breakage.Plant alkyloid. SE-hypersensitiviy Epipodophyllotoxins
Vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine. act in G2 and M phases. Antimicrotubular agent inhibits mitosis. Plant alkyloid SE- Autonomic (constipation), and peripheral neurotoxicity Vinca alkaloids
Tamoxifen, toremifene-Inhibit binding of the estrogen receptorMegestrol-suppresses adrenal steroid synthesis. SE-increased risk of blood clots, hot flashes Anti-estrogens
Anastrozole, letrozole, Fulvestrantprevents conversion of androgens to estrogens in fat tissue aromatase inhibitors
Trastuzumab, rituximab (ends in mab) Marks cell for attack by immune system, delivers antitumor agent, blocks cell receptors. SE-hypersensitivty/anaphylaxis, cardiac toxicity (trast), wound dehiscince (bevac), acne like rash (cetux) Monoclonal antibodies
Ondansetron, granisetron (end in setron) Selectively block serotonin 5-HT3 receptors in the GI tract and the CTZ. Useful for N/V side effects. SE-headache, diarrhea, constipation Serotonin antagonists
Prochlorperazine, Trimethobenzamide. Blockade of dopamine receptors in the CTZ (relieves N/V)-SE-sedation, hyptension, EPS Phenothiazines
Dexamethasone, Methlypredisolone. For N/V, decreased appetite Corticosteroids
Dronabinol. Used for N/V, decreased appetite.Likely due to depression of higher cortical pathways leading to emetic center. Cannabinoids
Lorazepam. Amnestic, anxiolytic, and sedative Benzodiazepines
Goserelin, Leuprolide. Hormonal negative feedback loop that results in suppression of the release of testosterone and estrogen. SE-Bone mineral density loss (Leuprolide) GRH Agonist
Biculatamide, Flutamide, Nilutamide. Nonsteroidal agents that competitively inhibit the binding of androgens to the androgen receptors in the prostate. Antiandrogens
Blocks expression of oncogene or replace missing/defective tumor suppressor gene Gene therapy
Interfer with proteins involved in apoptosis, causing cell death Apoptosis-inducing drugs
Prevents the growth of blood vessels to support tumor cells Angiogenesis inhibitors
Imatinib (tyrosine Kinase inhibitor)Gefitinib,Erlotinib (EGFR-TK inhibitor)Block enzymes and growth factor receptors involved in tumor cell growth Small molecule drugs
Chemotherapuetic agent associated with pulmonary fibrosis bleomycin
Chemotherapuetic agent associated with hemorrhagic cystitis cyclophosphamide
Chemotherapuetic agent associated with cardiomyopathy doxorubicin
Chemotherapuetic agent associated with renal toxicity cisplatin
chemotherapuetic agent associated with skin pigmentation 5-flurouracil
Tumor with good response to chemo leukemias/lymphomas
Tumor with good response to chemo Germ cell tumors
Tumor with good response to chemo breast cancers
Tumor with poor response to chemo pancreatic cancer
Tumor with poor response to chemo melanoma
Tumor with poor response to chemo soft tissue sarcomas
Blocks HER2 receptors Herceptin
Created by: bwyche
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