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GCSE Music
AoS2 Harmony & Tonality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scale | Pattern or Set of notes. all from the same KEY from which a melody is made. |
| Major scale | Made up of tones & semitones in this order; T T S T T T S |
| Minor scale | Made up of tones & semitones. The 3rd degree of the scale is FLAT |
| Intervals | The distance between any 2 notes. The LOWEST note counts as number 1. They are: 1-1 UNISON: 1-2 Second: 1-3 Third: 1-4 Fourth: 1-5 Fifth: 1-6 Sixth: 1-7 Seventh: 1-8 OCTAVE |
| Unison | Two sounds sharing the identical note. |
| Cadence | A PAIR of chords that finish a phrase or section of music. |
| Perfect cadence | Chords 5 - 1, V-I, or dominant to tonic. FULL stop - the music could end here. |
| Tonic | The 'home' note or key of a piece of music |
| Dominant | The fifth degree or chord in a major/minor scale |
| Sub-dominant | The 4th degree or chord in a major/minor scale |
| Plagal cadence | Chords 4-1, IV-I, or subdominant to tonic |
| Interupted cadence | Chords 5-6, in a major/minor scale. The music sounds like it MUST continue. Bass note moves by a STEP. |
| Imperfect cadence | Chords 4-5, or 1-5 in a major/minor scale. The music sounds like it MUST continue. |
| Key Signature | Sharps or Flats at the beginning of a piece of music to tell you what scale to use. All notes use the # or b as indicated unless deliberately changed within the bar. |
| Sharp (#) | Raises a note by a semitone |
| Flat (b) | Lowers a note by a semitone |
| Relative Major | Shares the key signature but the SCALE starts a minor 3rd HIGHER |
| Relative Minor | Shares the key signature but the SCale starts a minor 3rd LOWER |
| Octave(s) | Identical sounding notes - examples: C - C or F# - F# but 8 or 15 tones apart. |
| Phrase | A musical 'sentence'. Melodies have clear phrases and frequently 2 - 4 bars long. |
| Modulation | When music goes to a different KEY. often only temporary for a few bars. Most common to RELATED keys i.e Relative mainor/major (shares the same key sig.) Or next key around in the CYCLE of FIFTHS |
| Cycle of Fifths | A wheel that shows each Key Sig. in turn by counting around 5 notes. C - G - D - A (#) or C - F - Bb - Eb (b) |
Created by:
kipple
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