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GCSE Music
AOS1 Rhythm & Metre
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bar lines | A vertical line that appears before each strong beat. Divide the stave into equal measures. |
| Measure | One bar of music. |
| Beat | Unit of time, usually measured in crotchets. |
| Semibreve | A note lasting 4 crotchet beats. |
| Minim | A note lasting 2 crotchet beats. |
| Crotchet | Lasts for one crotchet beat. |
| Quaver | 1/2 crotchet beat. |
| Semiquaver | 1/4 crotchet beat. |
| Time signature | Two numbers placed one on top of the other. Top number = how many in a bar. BOTTOM number how LONG each beat is. |
| Strong beat | The first beat of each bar. |
| Simple time | You count ALL the beats. The beat is easily divided into 2's or 4's. The time signature TOP number is mostly 2, 3, or 4 |
| Compound time | You count the BIG beat - The beat is divided into 3's. The time signature TOP number has 6, 9, or 12. |
| Anacrusis | An up beat before the first complete bar of music. A phrase that starts on a beat before a barline. |
| Triplet | A SIMPLE TIME beat that has been divided into 3 INSTEAD OF 2 or 4 |
| Augmentation | A device that takes a melody then doubles the value of each note in the phrase. |
| Diminution | A device that takes a melody then halves the value of each note in the phrase. |
| Cross rhythms | Two different patterns of that are played together to create a more complex pattern. |
| Syncopation | Chords or melody notes that are not played ON the beat but appear in the 'gaps' between. |
| Tempo | The speed of the music. |
| BPM | Short for Beats Per Minute. 60bpm = 1 beat per second |
| Grave | Very, very slow: 40-50 bpm |
| Lento | Slow; 50-60 bpm |
| Largo | Slow, 50-60 bpm |
| Adagio | Slow & stately: 60-76 bpm |
| Andante | Walking pace: 76-100 bpm |
| Moderato | Moderately: 100-110 bpm |
| Allegro | Fast: 120-140 bpm |
| Vivace | Lively & fast: 140-160 bpm |
| Presto | Very fast: 180-200 |
| Rubato | Flexible time, 'robbing' time. |
| Metre - Regular | The pattern of beats. 2 beats per bar=duple metre. 3 beats = triple metre. 4 beats = quadruple metre. |
| Metre - Irregular | The pattern of beats. In a 5 beat bar they could be grouped in a 3+2, in a 7 beat bar grouped 4+3 etc. |
| Dotted notes | A dot after a note makes it last 1/2 as long again. i.e a 2 beat note (minim) with a dot 2+ (1/2 again) 1 = 3. |
Created by:
kipple
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