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Earth, Moon, and Sun
Chapter 15, Sections 1-3 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| astronomy | the study of the moon, stars, and other objects in space |
| axis | an imaginary line that passes through Earth’s center and the North and South poles, about which Earth rotates |
| rotation | the spinning motion of a planet on its axis |
| revolution | the movement of an object around another object |
| orbit | the path of an object as it revolves around another object in space |
| solstice | the two days of the year on which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator: the summer solstice is the longest day of the year while the winter solstice is the shortest day of the year |
| equinox | the two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted toward or away from the sun |
| force | a push or pull exerted on an object |
| gravity | a force that pulls objects toward each other |
| law of universal gravitation | the scientific law that states that eery object in the universe attracts every other object |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object |
| weight | the force of gravity on an object |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| Newton's first law of motion | the scientific law that states that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force |
| phase | one of the different apparent shapes of the moon as seen from Earth |
| eclipse | the partial of total blocking of one object in space by another |
| solar eclipse | the blocking of sunlight to Earth that occurs when the moon is directly between the sun and Earth |
| umbra | the darkest part of a shadow |
| penumbra | the part of a shadow surrounding the darkest part |
| lunar eclipse | the blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and the moon |
| tide | the daily rise and fall of Earth’s waters on its coastlines |
| spring tide | a tide with the greatest difference between high and low tide that occurs when the sun and moon are aligned with Earth |
| neap tide | a tide with the least difference between low and high tide that occurs when the sun and moon pull at right angles to each other |
Created by:
anorris
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