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Topic 7:Weather D

Atmospheric Moisture, pgs. (137-142)

QuestionAnswer
Define water vapor: Gaseous physical phase state of H2O. (Highest energy level)
State the source of most atmospheric moisture. Oceans which cover about 70% of Earth's surface.
State the two ways that moisture primarily enters the atmosphere. Evaporation and Transpiration (vapor that enters the atmosphere having passes through plants).
Is evaporation a warming or cooling process in terms of the atmosphere? Cooling; as it requires 2260 joules per gram to accomplish the phase change from liquid to gas.
Define arid: Dry air with little to no moisture content (low relative humidity).
Define humid: Air with about as much moisture content as is possible (high relative humidity)
List four (4) factors that affect the rate of evaporation. *Surface area, Temperature, Wind, degree of air saturation with moisture,
Which sample can hold more vapor, hot or cold air? Hot air, more energy and more space between the air molecules.
Define dew point: The temperature at which condensation will begin to occur.
Describe "saturated". Filled to capacity.
When air temperature = dew point, the air is said to be saturated. What will occur? Condensation, cloud formation, precipitation.
Define relative humidity: The percentage of the atmosphere filled with moisture - relative to the total holding capacity of the air.
State the relative humidity when air temperature = dew point. 100% Relative Humidity, air saturated, ("C-C-P")
As air temperature cools and falls towards dew point, what occurs to relative humidity? It rises towards 100 %, humidity rises.
As air temperature warms and rises away from dew point, what occurs to relative humidity? It falls towards 0 &, air gets drier.
Name the instrument used to determine dew point and relative humidity. Sling Psychrometer. *Two thermometers, dry and wet bulbs.
Can you employ the dry and wet bulb temperature readings to compute the dew point and relative humidity using ESRT pg 12? *See pages (139-140) for instructions!!
List the four (4) kinds of precipitation. Rain, Snow, Sleet, and Hail. Precipitation must be falling!!
Describe fog. Cloud cover at ground level where air temperature must equal dew point, relative humidity must equal 100%, and condensation, cloud formation takes place.
Is condensation/cloud formation a warming or cooling process for the atmosphere? Warming, releasing 2260 joules per gram back into the atmosphere.
List the three major cloud types. Cumulus, Stratus, and Cirrus.
What does the term, "nimbo" suggest? Precipitation. Thus, nimbostratus clouds. Or, cumulonimbus clouds.
Explain atmospheric transparency. How easily the insolation passes through the atmosphere.
Define Visibility: How far one can see out into the distance through the atmosphere.
Discuss the role of condensation nuclei. Condensation must take place upon some surface like an aerosol, dust particle, or other rain drop. No nuclei, no condensation.
Please complete the multiple choice questions found on pages 142-144, questions (36 - 60). Which questions are most difficult to grasp and correctly answer?
Created by: whearn
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