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Space

TermDefinition
ASTRONOMY Study of the stars, planets and outer space
GEOCENTRIC Proposed by Ptolemy; Everything (sun, stars, planets) revolve around the Earth (wrong)
HELIOCENTRIC Proposed by Copernicus; Everything revolves around the SUN—including the Earth
GRAVITY Force of attraction; Pulls things/objects toward each other; Larger the mass, stronger the force
NEBULA Clouds of gases and dust in space; Believed stars formed in this way from cool “contracted” nebula
FUSION Joining of atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei; Releases enormous amounts of energy
BIG BANG THEORY Universe began 13 to 15 billion years ago; “Giant” explosion—extremely small/hot/dense body of matter; Start of universe expanding and is still expanding today; Cosmic background radiation supports theory
RADIATION Waves of energy travel through a vacuum in the form of rays, waves or particles (electromagnetic waves) i.e., Sound waves,light waves,Dopler Shift
COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION Weak radiation coming from ALL directions of space; Possibly the remains of the Big Bang explosion
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Name given to family of electromagnetic radiation/waves i.e., Radio wave to gamma rays (includes visible light)
DOPPLER EFFECT/SHIFT Apparent shift (change) in wave length & frequency; Source of wave is moving frequency; Changes relative to observer; Motion may be toward (“red”) or away (“blue”) shift
RED SHIFT Waves shift toward the RED end of the spectrum
BLUE SHIFT Waves shift toward the VIOLET end of the spectrum; Object is moving TOWARD the observer (i.e., Earth); Wavelengths are compressed/shorter; with a high frequency
GALAXY Very large groups of stars and matter; Found throughout the universe
MILKY WAY Galaxy where “Earth” is located
WAYS WE LEARN ABOUT SPACE Satellites; Telescopes (Hubble); Space Station; Shuttles; Robots and Probes
STARS ... HOW DO YOU DETERMINE COLOR OF A STAR? COLOR of a star determined by surface temperature
5 MAJOR CLASSIFICATIONS ** Giant ** Supergiant ** Dwarf ** White Dwarf ** Neutron Star
BLACK HOLE A collapsed star
Created by: pj johnson
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