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Chapter 4 vocab
Environmental science vocabulary flashcards, review for test.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ecology | is the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment. |
| species | group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| population | a group of organisms of the same species populating a given area |
| community | a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other |
| ecosystem | a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment |
| biosphere | part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere |
| biotic factor | a living or once lived part of an ecosystem |
| abiotic factor | a nonliving part of an ecosystem |
| habitat | Place where an Organism lives |
| resource | any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space |
| population size | total number of individuals in a population |
| population density | number of individuals per unit area |
| population distribution | how population is spread out in an area |
| age structure | proportion of people in different age groups in a population |
| age structure diagram | graph of the numbers of males and females within different age groups of a population |
| sex ratio | The number of males per 100 females in the population. |
| survivorship curve | Graph showing the number of survivors in different age groups for a particular species. |
| immigration | migration into a region or community in which an individual is not originally from. |
| emigration | migration out of a region or community in which an individual currently resides to a new community/region |
| Migration | a movement from one community or region to another |
| exponential growth | growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate |
| limiting factor | factor that causes the growth of a population to decrease |
| carrying capacity | Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support |
| logistic growth | growth pattern in which a population's growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growt |
| density dependent factor | factors that depends on population density |
| density independent factor | factors that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population density. |
| biotic potential | the maximum reproductive rate of an organism, given unlimited resources and ideal environmental conditions |
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