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Lesson 51

What is a Virus?

QuestionAnswer
Virus pathogen consisting of a core of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat, which can exist only inside of a living host
Viral Illiness an illness caused by a virus
Parasites an agent that uses another organism’s resources for food and/ or habitat
Virologist a scientist who studies viruses
Host Cell a cell that serves as the habitat or energy source for another organism or viral agent
Virion a particle (core and capsid) of a virus outside of a living host cell
Genome the inner core of a virus, either RNA or DNA, but never including both
Capsid the protein coating surrounding the core of a virus
Envelope the second coating on some viruses, made up of protein, lipids, and glycoproteins
Helical Virus a virus shape that gives the virus a rod-like appearance, with capsid proteins winding around the core in a helix
Polyhedral Virus a virus shape in which the virus has many sides, making it appear roughly spherical, most have 20 triangular faces and 12 corners
Complex Virus Shape a virus shape that consists of a polyhedral head attached to a helical tail
Nanometers one-billionth of a meter
Bacteriophage a virus that attacks a bacteria
Vaccine a substance that uses a weakened form of a virus to stimulate the production of antibodies
Antibody a protein secreted by the cells in the immune system in response to a foreign substance in the body
Pathogen a disease-causing agent
Mutation a chemical change in a gene that changes its heredity
Double-Stranded DNA Virus a virus whose genome is made up of one molecule of double-stranded DNA
Single-Stranded DNA Virus a virus whose genome is one molecule of single-stranded DNA
Negative-Stranded RNA Virus a virus whose genome is one or more molecules of single-stranded compliment RNA
Positive-Stranded RNA Virus a virus whose genome is a molecule of single-stranded RNA
Double-Stranded RNA Virus a virus whose genome consists of several molecules of double-stranded RNA
Retrovirus an RNA virus that makes copies of DNA from RNA in order to reproduce itself
Created by: ecotteacher
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