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How Genes Work
Yoon
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is a polypeptide chain? | a protein chain |
| What is the structure of a DNA molecule? | double-stranded helix ladder |
| What are the 3 types of RNA? | mRNA, tRNA, rRNA |
| What is a codon? | a series of 3 nucleotides that code for amino acids |
| Which is longer: DNA or RNA? | DNA |
| Is RNA double-stranded? | no, single stranded |
| Where are nucleic acids found? | in the nucleus, but the DNA can't leave it |
| What is the central dogma of genetics? | RNA delivers instructions from the DNA to the proteins |
| What is the start codon? | AUG, which codes for the amino acid, methiomine |
| What is the stop codon? | UUA,UGA, UAG |
| Compare and contrast DNA and RNA. | DNA has two strands and RNA has one and Rna can leave the nucleus DNA can not |
| What is the structure of a nucleotide? | The nucleotide in DNA consists of a sugar (deoxyribose), one of four bases (cytosine (C), thymine (T), adenine (A), guanine (G)), and a phosphate.also a double helix |
| What is the structure of a molecule of DNA? | a double helix |
| Where is DNA found in the cell? | in the nucleus |
| What does the cell make from the instructions in DNA? | RNA |
| How is DNA copied? | The double helix is unwound and each strand acts as a template for the next strand. Bases are matched to synthesize the new partner strands. |
| When in the cell cycle does the cell make copies of DNA? | the S phase or Synthesize |
| What are the complementary base pairs in DNA? | guanine and cytosine , thymine and adenine |
| What are the three types of RNA? | TRNA, RRNA and MRNA |
| What do tRNA molecules use their anticodons for? | to decode the tRNA |
| What is a codon? Which molecule has codons, and what do they code for? | A codon is a nitrogenous base pair. it is on the mRNA |
| What is the start codon? What is the stop codon? What amino acid does the start codon code for? | A start codon is AUG and the stop codon is UAG UAA UGA. The start codes for met |
| Describe the relationships among the following terms: codon, amino acid, polypeptide chain | An amino acid is described when you have a codon which a polypeptide chain chains the amino acids together. |
| Compare and contrast DNA and RNA | dna has 2 strands while rna has one. |
| Using full sentences, describe the central dogma of genetics | The central dogma of genetics goes as follows, 1 RNA makes a segment of mRNA * Transcription * then 2 the mRNA leaves the nucleus and 3 the ribosome uses the mRNA for protein making * Translation * |
Created by:
jillbill101
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