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Platyzoa - Chordata

Platyzoa, Lophotrochozoa, Ecdysozoa, Chordata (no Vertebrata)

QuestionAnswer
Name the Phyla of Platyzoa Gastrotricha; Rotifera; Platyhelminthes
Name the Phyla of Lophotrochozoa Bryozoa; Annelida; Brachiopoda; Mollusca
Name the Phyla of Ecdysozoa Arthropoda; Nematoda; Tardigrada
Name the Sub-Phyla of Arthropoda Myriapoda; Chelicerata; Trilobita (extinct); Crustacea
Common characteristics of Lophotrochozoa Euceolomates; Bilateral symmetry; Protosomes
What is a LOPOPHORE? Horseshoe shaped crown of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth of the larvae.
What is a TROCHOPHORE? 2 bands of cilia around the middle of the larval body.
Name the Classes of Platyhelminthes Turbellida; Cestoda; Trematoda
Name the Classes of Annelida Oligochaeta; Hirudinea; Polychaeta
Name the Classes of Mollusca Bivalvia; Gastropoda; Cephalapoda
What are the short chitin bristles in Annelids that allow for grip and motion? Setae
What organs of Annelids facilitate the removal of waste from the blood and the coelom from the segment before it? Nephridia
Do Annelids have a complete or an incomplete gut? complete
In Phylum Annelida, which class does this describe? Parapodia, many setae, no clitellum, well developed head with elaborate sensory structures or appendages Class Polychaeta
In Phylum Annelida, which class does this best describe? No parapodia, few setae, clitellum, reduced head Class Oligochaeta
In Phylum Annelida, which class does this best describe? No parapodia, no setae, clitellum, reduced segmentation, anterior & posterior suckers, parasitic fluid feeder Class Hirudinea
Name and define the synapomorphy of Phylum Bryozoa. ZOECIUM - secreted chitionous chamber that the animal can retract into
What animals make up Class Polyplacaphoa? Chitons
Name the common characteristics of Class Polyplacaphoa Flattened body; 8 dorsal plates; Reduced head; Radula
Name the common characteristics of Class Bivalvia Loss of bilateral symmetry as they mature; Shell with 2 halves; Reduced cephalization; No radula
Name the common characteristics of Class Gastropoda Assymetrical; Single shell; Well-developed head; Radula; Coiling of the shell; Torsion
Define the TORSION found in Class Gastropoda The mantle cavity and anus are moved to the anterior together.
Name the common characteristics of Class Cephalapoda Active predators; Suckers on tentacles; Gills used only for respiration (not feeding); Closed circulatory system; Well developed head; Radula; Shell often reduced or absent
Define CHROMATOPHORES Epithelial cells in cephalapods that, under nervous system control, can change the color of the animal's body.
Define HEMOCOEL Cavity in which the blood (HEMOLYMPH) flows that surrounds the organs and tissues.
Kidney-like organs inside mollusks that open into the coelom and exits into the mantle cavity. METANEPHRIDIA
Name the synapomorphy of all Ecdysozoans ECDYSIS
What are the 3 steps in the process of ECDYSIS? 1) new exoskeleton forms; 2) loss of old exoskeleton; 3) new exoskeleton hardens
Do nematodes have longitudinal muscles, circular muscles, or both? Longitudinal only
Do nematodes have ventral nerve cords, dorsal nerve cords, or both? Both
Do nematodes have a complete or incomplete gut? Complete
What is unique about the sperm of nematodes? The sperm have no flagellum or acrosome.
Define SPIRACLES Air pores that can open and close to prevent dehydration.
Do arthropods have an open or closed circulatory system? Open
Do echinoderms have an open or closed circulatory system? Neither. They have a water vascular system.
Name the common characteristics of arthropods Segmented bodies; Jointed appendages; Reduced coelom (HEMOCOEL); Chitinous exoskeleton; Compound eyes
Which Sub-Phylum of Arthropods possess biramous appendages and two pairs of antennae? Crustaceans
Which Sub-phylum of Arthropods possess chelicerae and 4 pairs of uniramous legs? Chelicerata
Which Class in Phylum Myriapoda has 1 pair of legs on each segment? Chilopoda (centipedes)
Are millipedes (Diplopoda) carnivores, herbivores, omnivores, or detritivores? Detritivores
Name the 7 major Orders of Hexapoda Odonata; Orthoptera; Hemiptera; Lepidoptera; Diptera; Coleoptera; Hymenoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "toothed"? Odonata
Which Order of Hexapoda means "straight wing"? Orthoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "half wing"? Hemiptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "scale wing"? Lepidoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "two wing"? Diptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "sheathed wing"? Coleoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda means "membrane wing"? Hymenoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda do grasshoppers and crickets belong to? Orthoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda do flies belong to? Diptera
Which Order of Hexapoda do ants, bees and wasps belong to? Hymenoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda do dragonflies belong to? Odonata
Which Order of Hexapoda do butterflies belong to? Lepidoptera
Which Order of Hexapoda do cicadas belong to? Hemiptera
What type of organ is the TYMPANUM? Insect hearing organ
Define HEMIMETABOLIS An "incomplete metamorphosis" in which an insect's eggs hatch into nymphs foregoing the larval and pupa stages.
Define HOLOMETABOLIS A "complete metamorphosis" in which the insect's eggs hatch into larva, grow, and then form a pupa in which they change completely into the adult.
What are the advantages of insects undergoing HOLOMETABOLIS as opposed to HEMIMETABOLIS? Reduced competition with adults, and they are more specialized in each different body type.
What are the synapomorphies of Deuterosomes? Radial cleavage; Indeterminate cells; Anus develops from the BLASTOPORE
What are the synapomorphies of Protosomes? Spiral cleavage; Mouth develops from the BLASTOPORE; Mesoderm develops independently of the endoderm and ectoderm.
Define STATOCYSTS Sensory neural organs responsible for balance.
Define AURICLES Vibration sensory organs
Define RHEORECEPTORS Tactile sensory organs that sense the direction of currents
What is the only Phylum in Clade Platyzoa that is not an acoelomate, and what are they? Rotifers; psuedocoelomates
Do the animals of Phylum Platyhelminthes have a complete gut or an incomplete gut? Incomplete.
Which Class of Phylum Platyhelminthes is not parasitic? Turbellaria (planarians)
What are FLAME CELLS? (protonephridia/primitive kidneys) Ciliated bulb-like cells that use water to excrete waste
What structure sets Rotifers apart from Gastrotrichs, and what is it? The CORONA - rotating ciliated crown, used for suspension feeding.
Created by: TroyJSharpe
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