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science vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is uniformitarianism? | The principle that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes |
| Layers of rock called ____ , show the sequence of events that took place in the past. | Strata |
| What rocks are most studied? | Sedimentary rocks |
| The boundary between two beds are called what? | bedding plane |
| The principle is a sedimentary rock layer that is older than the one above it is called law of ____ | Superposition |
| The principle that a fault or intrusion is younger than the layers it cuts through is called the law of ______ | cross cutting |
| How long has the earth been around? | 4.6 billion years |
| The absolute age of a rock layer is its ______ age. | numeric |
| Using the rate of ____ to determine absolute age would be less accurate for a surface feature such as the grand canyon which is millions of years old. | Erosion |
| In general about 30 cm of sedimentary rock are ____ over a period of 1,000 years. | deposited |
| Some sedimentary rock layers show annual layers called ___ | varves |
| What layer is composed of darker , finer grains ? | Winter |
| Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called _____. | isotopes |
| The original radioactive isotope is called the ____ isotope. | Parent |
| The half-life is the time required for half of a radioactive sample to break down by decay to form the ______ isotope. | Daughter |
| What is the half-life of Uranium-238? | 4.5 billion years |
| The ages of wood, bones, shells, and other organic remains embedded in rock can be determined through_______ dating | Carbon-14 |
| The scientific study of fossils is called ____ | Paleontology |
| Some insects become fossilized in hardened tree sap called ____ | Amber |
| Organisms buried in ____ do not decay, because bacteria do not survive such low temperatures. | Frozen soil, ice |
| When minerals in groundwater percolate through buried organic matter, the result is nearly perfect mineral replica of the object. This process is called _____. | Petrification |
| A fossil residue of a leaf that makes a shadow on sedimentary rock is called a ___. | Carbon films |
| Fossilized dung or waste is from an animal is called a | coprolites |
| The stones from the digestive tracts of dinosaurs are called __ | Gastrolittes |
| Fossilized tracks borings or burrows are called ____ fossils | Trace |
| Fossils that occur only in rock layers of particular geologic age are called ___ fossils. | index |
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shelberrzz
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