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Bella Nat 5 Unit 2
Monohybrid Inheritance
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Inherited characteristic | something that is passed from parents to offspring |
| Sexual reproduction | offspring have genes from 2 parents, increases variation |
| Asexual reproduction | offspring are clones of one parent |
| Variation | the differences present in a species |
| Discrete variation | differences that can be observed and fall into distinct categories |
| Continuous variation | differences that are measured and fall over a range of values between a minimum and maximum |
| Polygenic | something that is determined by many genes (generally causes continuous variation) |
| Family tree | Genetic relationships between individuals in a family |
| Phenotype | the physical appearance of a characteristic |
| Genotype | the alleles that are present |
| F1 generation | the first filial generation, offspring of parents |
| F2 generation | the second filial generation, second generation down from parental |
| P1 generation | parental generation |
| Predicted ratio | the expected numbers of each type of offspring as worked out in the punnet square |
| Punnet square | a method of working out what genotypes (and phenotypes) to expect from a cross |
| Homozygous | genotype containing 2 of the same allele |
| Allele | forms of a gene |
| Homozygous recessive | genotype containing two copies of the recessive gene (aa) |
| Homozygous dominant | genotype containing two copies of the dominant gene (AA) |
| Heterozygous | genotype containing different alleles (Aa) |
| Dominant | allele that only requires one copy to show in phenotype, shown as a capital letter |
| Recessive | allele that requires two copies to show in phenotype, shown as a lower case letter |
| Diploid | cell that contains 2 sets of chromosomes |
| Haploid | cell that contains 1 set of chromosomes |
Created by:
nscobie