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Life. Sci. Sem1 2009
(Ch. 1-6) TEST Review Activity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Living thing | Organism |
| Smallest unit of organisms that carry on life functions | Cell |
| Changes that living things undergo as they grow | Development |
| Anything an organisms reacts to | Stimulus |
| Reaction of an organisms to a stimulus | Response |
| Characteristic of an organism that helps it to survive in its environment | Adaptation |
| Organized problem-solving procedure in science | Scientific Method |
| What is being tested in an experiment | Variable |
| Standard used to compare with the outcome of a test | Control |
| The maintenance of steady conditions inside an organisms | Homeostasis |
| Babies laughing at four months is an example of | Development |
| An organisms ability to maintain a steady condition is called | Homeostasis |
| Adaptations in organisms are __________ from parents | Inherited |
| Food-making process in plants | Photosynthesis |
| Living things are made up of ____% water | 70 |
| The belief that living things come from nonliving things is called | Spontaneous Generation |
| The doctor who showed that maggots hatch from eggs that flies lay on meat, and not from the meat itself | Redi |
| He designed an experiment to show that tiny organisms come from other tiny organisms int he air | Spallanzani |
| Theory that living things come from only living things | Biogenesis |
| Evidence suggests that life was formed about __________ ago | 3.5 billion years |
| His experiment showed that substances present in living things could be made from nonliving things in the environment | Miller |
| A _________ is a prediction that can be tested | Hypothesis |
| A ___________ is an explanation of things or events based on many observations | Theory |
| The SI unit of mass is the __________ | Kilogram |
| Living organisms need the following three things in order to survive: Oxygen, Water, and _________ | Minerals |
| The four criteria that an organism must meet in order to be considered "alive" are: Perform functions, ____________, respond/adjust to environment, and grow/develop | Reproduce |
| The step that comes after the 'hypothesis' in the scientific method is... | Experiment |
| The step that comes after the 'research' in the scientific method is... | Hypothesis |
| The step that comes after the 'ask a question' in the scientific method is... | Research |
| Microscopic particles made up of either DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat | Virus |
| Microscope that uses an objective lens and an eyepiece lens to magnify objects | Compound Microscope |
| Allows materials to move into and out of the cell | Cell Membrane |
| Directs all the cell activities | Nucleus |
| Disease that allows the body to be attacked by many organisms that cause disease | AIDS |
| Digests wastes inside the cell | Lysosomes |
| Generates energy for the cell | Mitochondria |
| Smallest unit that carries out the activities of life in organisms | Cell |
| Moves materials around inside of cell | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Protects and supports the plant cell | Cell Wall |
| The cell of an organism upon which a virus depends is a(n) | Host Cell |
| Enclosing helpful DNA in a virus and allowing it to move into defective cells to help in the treatment of disorders is a form of | Gene Therapy |
| A _______________ enters a cell and becomes part of the cell's DNA without destroying the cell or replicating itself | Latent Virus |
| A solution made from dead viruses that is used to prevent viral diseases is a | Vaccine |
| _________ is a virus that attacks the body's immune system | HIV |
| Only dead cells can be observed in a __________ (TEM) | Transmission Electron Microscope |
| The scientist who conlcuded that all animals were made of cells was | Schwann |
| The cell theory is based on the discoveries of Schleiden, Schwann, and _________ | Virchow |
| Proteins are made in structures called | Ribosomes |
| The __________ is a gel like substance inside the cell membrane | Cytoplasm |
| Cells in a particular organisms all ___________ with one another | Interact |
| Groups of similar tissues that work together to perform the same job are called | Organs |
| Structures that store food, water, and waste products in plant cells are | Vacuoles |
| The cell structures that package and secrete substances are | Golgi bodies |
| The material that contains the genetic blueprints of the cell is | Chromatin |
| Microscope that uses light to magnify and two lenses | Compound Microscope |
| Microscope that uses a magnetic field; used to view living cells | Scanning Electron Microscope |
| Microscope that uses light to magnify and one lens | Simple Microscope |
| Made the first compound microscope | Jansen |
| Named the "little boxes" he viewed, of cork underneath the microscope, cells | Hooke |
| Three ways all cells are alike: Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, and ____________ | Nucleus |
| Two things that plant cells have that animal cells do not: Cell walls and _________ | Chloroplasts |
| The total of all activities of an organism | Metabolism |
| Organisms that make their own food | Producers |
| Organic material from plants or animals that is used as fuel | Biomass |
| Mixture of gases that can be stored and transported like natural gas | Biogas |
| Speed up chemical reactions in cells | Enzymes |
| Compound that contains carbon | Organic Compound |
| Movement of molecules without the use of energy | Passive Transport |
| Movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there are few | Diffusion |
| Passive transport of water | Osmosis |
| Mixture of gasoline and alcohol | Gasohol |
| An atom nucleus contains protons and _________ | Neutrons |
| Bacteria are taken into cells by ________ | Endocytosis |
| A chemical formula shows the kind and number of atoms that form a | Compound |
| Organic compounds in the chromosomes are | Nucleic Acids |
| In a _________ substances mix evenly with other substances | Solution |
| Organic compounds are compounds that contain | Carbon |
| _________ are organic compounds made of sugar molecules joined together | Carbohydrates |
| _________ are organic compounds that store energy | Lipids |
| The function of the selectively permeable cell ______ is to allow some things to pass through it, but not others | Membrane |
| If the movement of molecules requires energy it is | Active Transport |
| The movement of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is called | Exocytosis |
| Producers use light energy to make | Glucose |
| ___________ are organisms that can't make their own food | Consumers |
| _________ is a process that releases energy when oxygen is insufficient | Fermentation |
| Particle with a negative charge | Electron |
| Particle with a positive charge | Proton |
| Salt and water mixture is an example of a | Solution |
| Blood is an example of a | Suspension |
| Dispersal of an air freshener throughout a room | Diffusion |
| Movement of minerals into plant root cells | Active Transport |
| Plant that uses chlorophyll to make it's own food is an example of being a | Producer |
| An activity that happens within the mitochondria | Cellular Respiration |
| Formation of two nuclei with identical chromosomes | Mitosis |
| Reproduction in which a new organisms is produced when sex cells from two parents combine | Sexual Reproduction |
| Controls cell activity with coded instructions | DNA |
| The joining of an egg and sperm | Fertilization |
| Segment of DNA controlling production of one protein | Gene |
| A nucleic acid which carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes | RNA |
| Any permanent change in genetic material of a cell | Mutation |
| Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of cell growth and development called | Interphase |
| Each human skin cell has ____ pairs of chromosomes | 23 |
| Yeast reproduced by | Budding |
| In _____ a new organisms grows from just a part of the parent organism | Regeneration |
| Human gametes (sex cells) have _________ individual chromosomes | 23 |
| The number of chromosomes in a sex cell of an organism is its _______ (haploid/diploid)chromosome number | Haploid |
| Meiosis consists of _________ division(s) of the nucleus | Two |
| At the end of meiosis, _________ cells are produced | Four |
| In DNA, adenine always pairs with ______ | Thymine |
| Proteins are made of units of _______ linked together in a specific order | Amino Acids |
| The code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by _______ | RNA |
| Asexual reproduction involves (one/two) parents | One |
| Budding, ________, and regeneration are methods of asexual reproduction | Fission |
| Passing of traits from one generation to another | Heredity |
| Different forms of the same gene | Alleles |
| Study of how alleles affect offspring | Genetics |
| An allele inherited on a sex chromosome | Sex-linked Gene |
| A trait that is hidden | Recessive |
| The chance that an event will take place | Probability |
| Genetic makeup of an organism | Genotype |
| Organism with two alleles that are the same | Homozygous |
| Physical appearance resulting from genotype | Phenotype |
| Both alleles are expressed in offspring | Incomplete Dominance |
| More than one set of genes controls a trait | Multiple alleles |
| Chart showing the location of genes on each chromosome | Genome |
| In a punnett square, a capital letter (T) stands for a __________ allele | Dominant |
| The combination of (Tt) represents a ______ genotype | Heterozygous |
| Blood type is an example of a characteristic controlled by | Multiple Alleles |
| Hemophilia results from an allele that is on the ________ chromosome | X |
| Genetic engineering has already helped people by _______ _______ | Producing Medicine |
Created by:
SavannahElkins
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