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BellaireBio9 Unit 3

BellaireBio9 Unit 3: Cell Energetics

QuestionAnswer
Aerobic Containing oxygen; referring to an orgnism, environment, or cellular process that requires oxygen.
Anaerobic Lacking oxygen; refering to an organism, environment, or cellular process that lacks oxygen and may be poisoned by it.
ATP Adenosine Triphosphate; An energy carrier that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed (broken). This energy is used to drive endergonic (chemical) reactions in cells
Cellular respiration The most common and efficient catabolic (breakdown) pathway for the production of ATP, in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant along with the organic fuel.
Cellular energy conversion Changing energy from one form to another at the cellular level
chloroplast An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water (photosynthesis).
enzyme A class of proteins serving as catalysts, chemical agents that change the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
Mitochondrion An organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration.
Molecular energy The amount of energy held within the bonds of a given molecule.
Photosynthesis The conversion of light energy to chemical energy that is stored in glucose or other organic compounds; occurs in plants, algae and certain prokaryotes.
Potential energy The energy stored by matter as a result of its location or spatial arrangement.
Product An ending material in a chemical reaction.
reactant A starting material in a chemical reaction.
Transforming matter and/or energy (Realize that matter and energy can not be created or destroyed, only change forms)
catabolic a chemical reaction that will break things down; refering to a break down of substance
endergonic having to do with a chemical reaction in cells
hydrolyzed refers to something being broken down
Eukaryote organism whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Usually are multicellular organisms
Prokaryote A single-celled organism lacking a true nucleus
Breakdown of food molecules All organisms take "food" and convert it down into usable energy forms
Created by: kdewey
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