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Stack #185144
Gerentology lcc.........unit 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Geriatrics | branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and problems of old age(sick) |
| Gerentology | the scientific study of the process of aging and the problems of aged persons |
| Gerontological nursing | study of role of nursing in meeting the bio pyscho-social needs of the older adults;emphasis on wellness |
| Federal Old Age Insurance Law of 1935 | social security |
| Post WWI | population increase, antibiotcs created |
| 1948 Hill Burton Act | funds for nursing homes |
| OBRA 1987 | gov starts mandate to clean up homes |
| OBRA 1991 | MDS and assessment begins, decreased restraints, residents build rights, CNAs in nursing home |
| 65+ | average 1 chronic illness |
| 85+ | Avg 2 chronic ilnesses; arthritis, HTN, DM, CVA, COPD, Vision, hearing, sinisitis to name a few |
| Leading cause of death 65+ | Heart disease; cancer and stroke' COPD, pneumonia/flu, and diabetes; Alzheimer's disease |
| 1950 White House Conferene | Meals on wheels, home health visits |
| Post WWII | ADN created |
| Psychosocial Disengagement | w/draw from society, spouse dies, retires |
| Psychosocial Activity | must stay active to maintain youth |
| Psychosocial Continuity | Past life will continue thru to old age. ex. happy, angry, outgoing |
| Psychosocial Developmental tasks | erikson |
| Maslow Psychologic theory of aging | heirarchy |
| Jung Psychological theory og aging | successful aging is when one turns inward and values self, not limitations |
| Robt. Peck expanded 3 specific challenges to Erikson | ego differentation vs. role preoccupation; body transcendence vs. body preoccupation; ego transcendence vs. preoccupation |
| Ageism | prejudgement about a person based only on age |
| Geriatrics | branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and problems of old age(sick) |
| Gerentology | the scientific study of the process of aging and the problems of aged persons |
| Gerontological nursing | study of role of nursing in meeting the bio pyscho-social needs of the older adults;emphasis on wellness |
| Federal Old Age Insurance Law of 1935 | social security |
| Post WWI | population increase, antibiotcs created |
| 1948 Hill Burton Act | funds for nursing homes |
| OBRA 1987 | gov starts mandate to clean up homes |
| OBRA 1991 | MDS and assessment begins, decreased restraints, residents build rights, CNAs in nursing home |
| 65+ | average 1 chronic illness |
| 85+ | Avg 2 chronic ilnesses; arthritis, HTN, DM, CVA, COPD, Vision, hearing, sinisitis to name a few |
| Leading cause of death 65+ | Heart disease; cancer and stroke' COPD, pneumonia/flu, and diabetes; Alzheimer's disease |
| 1950 White House Conferene | Meals on wheels, home health visits |
| Post WWII | ADN created |
| Psychosocial Disengagement | w/draw from society, spouse dies, retires |
| Psychosocial Activity | must stay active to maintain youth |
| Psychosocial Continuity | Past life will continue thru to old age. ex. happy, angry, outgoing |
| Psychosocial Developmental tasks | erikson |
| Maslow Psychologic theory of aging | heirarchy |
| Jung Psychological theory og aging | successful aging is when one turns inward and values self, not limitations |
| Robt. Peck expanded 3 specific challenges to Erikson | ego differentation vs. role preoccupation; body transcendence vs. body preoccupation; ego transcendence vs. preoccupation |
| Ageism | prejudgement about a person based only on age |
| Interventions to promote Psychosocial Health | increase self-esteem, promote a sense of self-control, avoid ageism and stereotyping, foster socialization |
| Impact of Med Use-Quantity of life | chemo, dig, analgesics, insulin |
| Impact of Med Use-Quality of Life | vaccine, asprin for cardio disease, calcium, ace-inhibitor |
| Average older adult uses | 4.5 prescriptive meds and 2 over the counter meds |
| Adverse Drug reactions | 4-6 leading cause of death among elderly |
| Pharmacokinetics | refers to the absorption, distrubution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs |
| Pharmacodymnamics | biological and therapeutic effects of drugs at the site of action on the target organ |
| Absorption | routes not absorbed as easily.solubility of drugs and concentration...not as much HCL acic, cardiac output less 50%, foods and meds dont move as fast, less absorbed |
| Distribution | more body fat, less water and lean muscle mass...plasma albumin-blood level decreased, protein binding-needs protein, |
| Metabolism | liver mass, hepatic BF, metabolizing enzymes all lower, and effects on 1/2 life..takes longer |
| Excretion/Elimination | glomerular filtration rate, renal bf, creatinine clearance-muscle spasm, effects on half life |
| Promote safe usage | smaller dose, special instruction, oral is most effective route |
| Administering meds safely | one at a time, plenty of fluids, 6 rights |
| monitoring responses to therapy | s/e, reaction to drug |
| identifying alternatives-lifestyle change, diet, exercise | |
| teacing client | go over meds w each visit in nursing home |
| RBF GU aging change | decrease renal blood flow, increase urination by number of times u go at night, heart doesnt work as hard |
| Nephrons and GU aging change | sclerotic activity decreases by 35% at age 80 |
| GFR aging change | clomular filtration rate decreases 25% by 80 |
| BUM aging change | clears uria and nitrogen, bioproduct protein metabolism are all effected by other factors such as dehydration |
| Creatinine clearance | 24 hr urine test |
| Renal threshold for glucose | reobsorptoin decrease with aging, doesnt mean ur diabetic |
| dirunal rhythm | amt of urine produced at night is increased |
| Specific Gravity | increases with age, and is part of concentration/dilution of urine |
| involuntary bladder contractions involves | detrusor muscle contracting |
| men:force of stream and starting/stopping stream | bph |
| women-effects of decreased estrogen | skin is more friable |
| Detrusor contracts while sphincter | relaxes |
| Stress incontinence | abdominal weak pelvic muscle.do kegals |
| urgency | gotta go now |
| overflow | urinating off the top, detrusor not contracting |
| functional | casued by dementia, clothing, meds |
| transient/temporary | uti, pregnancy |
| neurogenic bladder | spinal cord paralysis, no control, no sensation |
| muscle drill for urinary incontenence | cough, bounce on heels, run water |
| home vs institional setting of incontinence | 30/50% |
| Small intestine and aging | decreased absorption of fats/b12 |
| large intestine and aging | decreased peristalsis leads to constipation, and lessens awareness to deficate |
| Gallbladder aging changes | gallstones incidence increased esp women |
| pancreas and aging | decreased volume of pancreatic secretoins and enzyme output |
| liver and aging | decreased enzyme activity, bile storage and synthesis of cholestrol |
| Primary Prevention Strategies | nutrition, foods high in fiber, fluid intake 1500 ml, elimination-regular bowel routines, not ignoring need to defecate, avoid laxatives, suppossitories, and enemas of routine use |
| Common GI Sx's and problems | nausea/vomitting, anorexia, abdominal pain, gas, decreased smell, diarrhea-F&E, Constipation, Fecal incontinence-disease, neurological, laxative abuse |
| Selected meds for GI | fecal softener such as colace, irritant or stimulant laxative-ducolox, emmollent laxative-castrole, mineral oil, bulk lax-metamucil, or combo |
| Pysiological aging changes | 1/3 sense of smell, decreased salivary flow, teeth/gums are worn and less jaw strength, swallowing/gag reflex are weaker/cause choking or aspiration, LE sphincter is less relaxed and may cause gerd, BMR is down 2% per each decade |
| Special needs for women | decrease fat intake, caffeine and increase calcium 1000-1200, vit d, magnesium |
| Pyschosocial Factors r/t nutrition in older adults | economic hardship, living alone, greif/depression/loss of spouse, transportation, cultural/religious factors |
Created by:
allicat21
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