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CIW Lesson 1
Study guide notes that you should study bro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The IT department deals with things like | Computer and tech services Applications (installing/fixing software) End Users (assisting customers- help desk) |
| PDF resumes: | Compatible across al computer platforms Not vulnerable to viruses Need PDF software |
| HTML resumes | Posted as Web pages or sent as HTML-based e-mail messages Retain the formatting characteristics of a word-processing file |
| What is ISO? | International Organization for Standarization |
| What is IETF? | Internet Engineering Task Force |
| Crowdsourcing | A task ordinarily performed by one person is outsourced to a large group or community |
| Collective Intelligence | The ability of a group to exhibit a greater degree of intelligence by solving problems collaboratively compared to the intelligence of an individual member |
| Ajax | Enables Web Applications to interact with users in much the same way they do with desktop applications |
| Wikis | Web pages that can be viewed and modified by anybody with a Web browser and access to the Internet |
| Folksonomy | tagging of online content so non-technical users can classify and find information |
| Web feed services | Content publicly available to users via Web feeds (e.g., RSS, Atom);syndication |
| Podcasts | Audio/video digital-media files distributed through Web feeds to subscribed users |
| Semantic Web | Web data that is contextualized with the addition of machine-readable metadata |
| Mashups | Web pages that integrate content and scripts from multiple Web sites to create new applications |
| Social networking | The grouping of individuals with common interests or goals into specific groups or communities |
| Instant Messaging | Computer-based method of communication in which users can type and view messages sent to one or more recipients and view the responses immediately |
| Short Message Service (SMS) | Text Messaging- Short text messages from mobile phones "Short" Text messages: Are no large than 140 bytes and no longer than 160 characters |
| SMS gateway | Service that allows you to send text messages to an instant messaging (IM) service, the World Wide Web and desktop computers |
| Windows Remote Assistance | Allows a user to seek assistance from another person in a remote location Runs on Windows systems |
| Blog 9short for "web log" | A collection of personal thoughts posted on a public Web site |
| Trackback | A blogger receives notification when other bloggers link to his or her blog entry |
| Microformats | Allow bloggers to incorporate information from Web sites into their blog entries |
| Unified communication | A business trend that seeks to simplify an integrate all forms of communication |
| Convergence | The integration of telephony and data networks and technologies |
| Presencing | A status indicator that conveys a person's willingness and ability to engage in communications in real time |
| Network | two or more computers connected together so they can communicate with each other |
| Client/server model | most popular form of network. Individual computers and devices interact with one another through a central server |
| Client | An individual computer connected to a network |
| Server | A computer that manages network resources |
| Node | AN individual computer or other device connected to a network |
| Local area network (LAN) | A group of computers connected in a small geographic area (campus, home, business) |
| Widea area network (WAN) | A collection of LANs that are linked together. Span a wide geographic area The organization leases some of the components needed connect those networks together |
| Internet | A vast network of LANs and WANs that electronically connects millions of people wordwide |
| World Wide Web | A set of software programs that enables suers to access resources on the Internet via hypertext documents, or Web pages |
| Web page | A document created in HTML containing hypertext links that, when clicked, enable users to access a different location or document |
| Web site | A collection of related Web pages |
| Web browser | A software application that enables users to easily access, view and navigate Web pages on the Internet |
| Protocol | (rules for how we communicate and interact on the Internet) an greed-upon format for transmitting data between two devices |
| Packet | A fixed piece of information sent across a network |
| TCP/IP | Software that makes internet communication possible |
| Internet Service Provider (ISP) | An organization that provides access to the INternet |
| Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) | Supports 32-bit dotted quad IP address format |
| Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) | Supports 128-bit hexadecimal address format |
| Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) | Used to transfer Web pages from a Web server to a Web client (Web browser) |
| Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) | Used to access a secure Web server |
| FIle Transfer Protocol (FTP) | Used to transfer files between computers on the Internet |
| Post Office Protocol (POP) | Used to receive e-mail from an incoming mail server |
| Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) | Used to receive e-mail from an incoming mail server |
| Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) | Used by news servers to exchange newgroup articles |
| Domain Name System (DNS) | Resolves IP addresses into easily recognizable names |
| .com | commercial or company sites |
| .edu | educational institutions, typically universitites |
| .org | organization; originally clubs, associations and non-profit groups; currently, various types of organizations |
| .mil | U.S. military |
| .gov | U.S. civilian government |
| .net | Network sites, including ISPs |
| .int | International organizations (rarely used) |
| Domain name server | A server on the Internet that resolves domain names into IP addresses |
| Reverse DNS | The process of resolving IP addresses into domain names |
| Virtual domain | A hosting service that allows a company to host its domain name on a third part ISP server |
| Shared Domain | A hosting service that allows multiple entities to share portions of the same domain name |
| Crowdsourcing | Outsourcing a task to an undefined group of people or community to obtain and analyze large amounts of data |
| Cloud Computing | A paradigm in which users access software and services remotely over the internet |
| Most popular browsers in use today are: | Windows Internet Explorer Google Chrome Mozilla Firefox |
| Alternative browsers include: | Safari RockMelt Opera Konqueror Lynx |
| Multimedia | Combined forms of media (text, animation, audio, video) |
| .avi | Standard video files for WIndows |
| .mov .qt | Standard fromats for QuickTIme movies |
| .mp4 | Standard format for movies on the Internet |
| .ogg | Video format designed for HTML5 video |
| .webm | Royalty-free, open video and audio format designed for HTML5 video |
| .au | Audio format used by UNIX servers |
| .aiff | High-quality audio format developed by Apple Computer |
| .mp3 | Format for compressing audio files that uses the MPEG-1 standard |
| .ogg | Free alternative to MP3 format |
| .wav | Native sound format for Windows |
| .png | Free Open-source file format that has become an internet standard for graphics |
| .gif | Bitmap format that uses lossless compression and supports various resolution; limited to 256 colors; most effective for drawings or illustrations |
| .jpg .jpeg .jfif | Format that supports 16 million colors;uses lossy compression; widely used for photographs and complex graphics |
| .tif .tiff | Popular customizable format that supports grayscale, 8-bit and 24-bit color, and monochrome; commonly used for medical imaging and desktop publishing |
| .ps | Format designed for printing on postscript printers |
| Database | an organized collection of information that pertains to a particular subject or purpose |
| Relational database | a database that contains multiple tables related through common fields |
| Primary Key | A field containing a value that uniquely identifies each record in a table |
| Foreign key | A field in a related table that refers to the primary key in another table |
| Boolean operators | Symbols or words used to narrow Internet search results by including or excluding certain words or phrases from the results |
| Popular | Generally bases information on secondary resources |
| Scholarly | Bases its research on primary resources |
| Outgoing mail protocol | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) |
| Incoming mail protocols | Post Office Protocol version 3 (POP3) Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) |
| Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) | enables operating systems to map file name extensions to corresponding applications |
| Secure MIME (S/MIME) | Secure version of MIME that adds encryption to MIME data |
| Pretty good privacy (PGP) | A method of encrypting and decrypting e-mail messages |
| GNU (Privacy Guard (GPG) | An open-source version of PGP |