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Book F Chapter 4

Plate Tectonics

TermDefinition
continental drift Hypothesis that all continents were once connected in a single large landmass and drifted slower to their current positions.
Pangaea One large landmass that broke apart about 200 million years ago.
seafloor spreading Hot, less dense material below Earth's crust rises toward the surface at the mid-ocean ridges. Then, it flows sideways, caring the seafloor away from the ridge in both directions.
magnetometer A sensing device that detects magnetic fields.
plate tectonics Theory that Earth's crust and part of the upper mantle are broken into sections.
plates The broken sections of Earth's crust that move on a plasticlike layer of the mantle.
lithosphere A rigid layer of Earth about 100 km thick (60 miles), made of the crust and a part of the upper mantle.
asthenosphere The plasticlike layer of earth on which the lithospheric plates float and move around.
convection current The current in Earth's mantle that transfers heat in Earth's interior and is the driving force for plate tectonics.
subduction zone The area where an oceanic plate subducts, or goes down, into the mantle is called a subduction zone.
divergent boundary The boundary between two plates that are moving apart.
convergent boundary Two plates that are moving towards each other.
transform boundary Two plates slide past each other. They slide past each other in different directions, or moving in the same direction at different speeds.
convection current The entire cycle of heating, rising, cooling, and sinking. Current in the Earth's mantle that transfers heat in Earth's interior and is the driving force for plate tectonics.
Created by: tferraro
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