click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Chapter 10
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Three parts of the DNA nucleotide | Sugar, base, phosphate |
What shape is DNA? | double helix |
What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
What two scientists put together a model for DNA? | James Watson and Francis Crick |
What are the three types of RNA? | mRNA, rRNA, tRNA |
What letters are used to signify the nitrogen bases? | Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine(C), and Thymine (T) |
What did Watson and Crick win in 1962? | Nobel Prize in Medicine |
What are the complementary base pairs? | C--G T--A |
The process of copying DNA in a cell is called? | replication |
Enzymes called what bind to the separated chains of DNA? | DNA polymerase |
Original sequence of DNA | ATTCCG |
New nucleotide chain | TAAGGC |
Responsible for the movement of genetic info | RNA |
RNA consists of | sugar (ribose), phosphate nitrogen containing baser |
The process by which genetic info is copied from DNA to RNA | Transcription |
Products of transcription are called? | Transcripts |
What moves through the pores of the nuclear membrane into the cytosol? | mRNA |
The production of proteins? | Protein synthesis |
What determines the structure and function of the cell? | Proteins |
What are proteins made up of? | polypeptides |
How many amino acids are there? | 20 amino acids |
A correlation between a nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence? | genetic code |
3 mRNA nucleotides | codon |
The two types of codons | Starter codon= AUG Stop codon= UAA, UAG, UGA |
The process of assembling polypeptides from info encoded in mRNA is called | Translation |
Anticodon | the loop opposite of the site of amino acid attachment bears a sequence of three nucleotides |
Ribosomes | composed of rRNA proteins |
What has three binding sites that are key to translation? | Ribosomes |
tRNA | transfer RNA |
rRNA | Ribosomal |