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Erosion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Surface processes that break down rock are called | Weathering |
| How does chemical and mechanical weathering differ? | mechanical weathering happens when rocks are broken down by physical processes and chemical weathering happens when chemical reactions dissolved minerals. |
| Why is ice wedging most obvious in the mountains | Because the temperature changes in the mountains allow for repeated freezing and thawing of water caught in the cracks of rocks. |
| When water mixes with carbon dioxide in the air, it forms | Carbonic acid |
| How does climate affect chemical and mechanical weathering? | Chemical weathering occurs more rapidly in warm, wet climates, and mechanical weathering occurs more in cold climates. |
| Tree roots, burrowing animals and plants are causes of | mechanical weathering |
| Ice wedging happens in | Cold and temperate climates |
| a cracked sidewalk is an example of | mechanical weathering |
| Rusted tools are an example of | chemical weathering |
| Soil is a mixture of | weathered rock, water, decayed organic matter, oxygen and mineral fragments |
| Decayed organic material turns into a dark colored material called | Humus |
| In which horizon is litter usually found | Horizon A |
| In which horizon is the parent rock found? | Horizon C |
| Which layer is most like the parent rock? | Horizon C |
| Which layer is least like the parent rock? | Horizon A |
| How many years does it take soil to form? | 1000's |
| How many factors affect soil formation? | 5 |
| Leaching is | removal of minerals that have been dissolved in water |
| Erosion of soil is more common on | Steep sloping hills |
| How does soil erosion affect topsoil? | It washes it away |
| Construction, farming and raising livestock all acan cause | Soil Erosion |
| How do farmers attempt to manage crops to reduce soil erosion? | No till farming, plant shelter belts, use animals to graze instead of plow. |
| Shelter belts | provide a barrier from the wind to reduce soil erosion |
| A method in which level topped areas are built into steep sided hills | Terracing |
| Construction sites attempt tot reduce erosion by | covering exposed soil with plastic, spray exposed soil with water and replace topsoil when they are done. |
| What is erosion? | A process that wears away surface materal. |
| What force causes erosion to occur? | Gravity |
| Slumps, creeps, rock falls and mudflows are all examples of | Mass Movements |
| Slumps, creeps rock falls and mudflows are all driven by what agent of erosion? | Gravity |
| Where do rock falls and rockslides commonly occur? | Areas with steep cliffs |
| What is a danger of building a house on a side of a hill? | Mass Movement |
| What effect does vegetation have on erosion? | It resists or slows erosion |
| Deposition occurs when agents of erosion | lose energy |
| What can be done to help prevent erosion on steep slopes? | Drainage pipes, plant vegetation, walls or concrete boulders put in place |
| All glaciers | move under their own weight |
| What is plucking? | when rocks, gravel and sand are moved by glaciers |
| What is till | a mixture of different sized glacer sediment |
| When did the last ice age end? | About 18,000 years ago |
| What type of valley is made by valley glaciers? | U shaped |
| Plucking and scouring are all driven by what agent of erosion? | Glaciers |
| How does wind abrasion work? | Windblown sediment strikes a surface |
| Which type of land suffers the least from wind erosion? | Forest |
| How do roots stop erosion? | They hold the sediment in place |
| What causes dunes to form? | Wind |
| Most dunes | Move across land |
| What is the fourth agent of erosion besides Gravity, Glaciers, and Wind? | Water |
Created by:
placet
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